The relationship between learning ability and memory-monitoring performance was studied for 289 undergraduates in a 5-stage feeling of knowing (FOK) procedure with confidence of recognition (COR) judgments. Results show that fast and slow learners do not differ in magnitude of FOK and COR. (SLD)

The influence of behaviorism's methods and theories on theory and research in the neurosciences is examined, partly in light of John B. Watson's 1913 essay. An attempt is made to reconcile classical behaviorism and modern cognitive psychology and neuroscience. (SLD)

Many of the puzzles of absolute judgment raised by George A. Miller in 1956 remain puzzles today. Literature directed toward capacity limitations in absolute judgment tasks and in short-term memory is reviewed, and some models that attempt to elucidate the phenomena are discussed. (SLD)

Suggests that two components of natural discourse (pragmatic information and knowledge about discourse style) play a role in memory for the surface form of sentences in discourse. Shows that recognition memory increased as a function of information about the speaker's positive and negative attitudes and that substantial verbatim memory was…

Investigates developmental association between nonword repetition performance and vocabulary knowledge by evaluating the role of phonological memory and linguistic factors in nonword repetition. (29 references) (GLR)

Responds to criticism on research of the factors influencing nonword repetition performance in a large-scale longitudinal study of children aged between four and six years. (10 references) (GLR)

Effect of domain distance on comprehension and memory of scientific passages was investigated through use of near and far analogies read by 193 adults. Results suggest that analogies from far domains promote comprehension and memory. Results support the concept of structure mapping as the underlying process in analogy use. (SLD)

Revealed that 6-month-old infants are unable to access either an original memory or a reactivated memory after lengthy intervals. Despite the fact that their memory processing is more rapid during encoding and retrieval than that of infants half their age, their facility for accessing an original or reactivated memory is weaker than that of such…

Investigates whether individual differences in working-memory (WM) capacity are related to the ways readers use inferences to facilitate text comprehension. Finds several differences between low-memory-span and high-memory-span readers. Notes that readers with adequate WM capacity can keep interpretations open ended and await more information from…

Neonates who were exposed to the same or different words on two consecutive days habituated to the sound on day one and recovered head turning on day two. Infants who heard the same word again on day two responded less well than infants exposed to the word for the first time on day two. (BC)

Three experiments examined peer imitation with 14- to 18-month-old infants in laboratory, home, and day-care settings. After a delay, infants imitated actions performed by trained peers. Found that infants' recall of peers' actions was lower for infants imitating actions at home after a two-day delay than for infants imitating actions in the…

Young adults (n=179) rated how likely they would be to choose certain type of neighbor to perform memory tasks. Participants gave higher choices to nonforgetful targets and to old over young targets. In second study, 90 young adults rated degree to which they considered targets to possess specific traits desirable and relevant to memory.…

Examines one aspect of human information processing, the "translation phenomenon," in which words are remembered as pictures and vice versa. Finds that translation is more likely to occur after the passage of 48 hours, and most often results in facts that were conveyed as narration being remembered as having been conveyed in video. (SR)

Verbal-repetition and picture-pointing tasks were used in this study of semantic, lexical, and phonological factors of short-term memory in 6 children (ages 6-9) with specific language impairment (SLI) and 17 language-matched control subjects. Both group and individual analyses found no significant differences between the performance of the SLI…

Determinants of similarity-based access to memory and determinants of subjective soundness and similarity of a match were studied in 4 experiments involving 225 undergraduates. Results indicate dissociation between similarity governing access to long-term memory and that used in present matches. A model is proposed. (SLD)