Research supported by United States Public Health Service Grant MH-12908. Portions of the study were presented to the Society for Psychophysiological Research, San Diego, 1967.

To determine whether infants can form face expression categories, groups of infants 18 to 24 weeks old, along with those 30 weeks old, were habituated by the infant control procedure to photographs of four different female faces, each with an identical expression (happiness or surprise). Results are discussed in terms of age and sex differences.…

After viewing pictures of simple objects varied in color and spatial location, first, third, and fifth graders were assessed for their abilities in automatic processing of spatial and color information. In general, no evidence was found to suggest that the processing strategies of younger children were less sophisticated than those of older…

Investigates why children under eight years of age show categorical clustering above chance expectations in free recall, when such organization does not correlate with recall. Six-year-old children and adults were tested for memory of 24 pictures of categorizable items. Proportion of items recalled in category strings and number of strings of each…

Subjects judged whether aerial views would be seen by an observer oriented in various ways. For practiced subjects, time to answer was an approximately linear function of number of abstract spatial dimensions on which aerial view and observer's orientation were consistent. Ability correlated with linearity of response-time. (Author/RD)

Two studies investigated how components of speaking rate, articulation rate and pause rate, combine to influence processing of the silence-duration cue for the voicing distinction in medial stop consonants. Listeners adjust for both articulation rate and pause rate changes in articulation rate had more effect on phonetic judgments. (Author/RD)

A comparison was made between two procedures for testing whether an alpha-numeric character, which was pattern masked to prevent awareness, could access higher-order information concerning its category. (Author)

Examines the differences in visual and pictorial conventions between people in less technologically developed countries and those in the industrialized European sphere. The implications of these differences are assessed in light of cultural factors rooted in both geographic location and level of technological development. (MER)

Studied the number of eye fixations as a reliable external indicator of internal cognitive processes when undergraduate subjects are unaware that their eye movements are being monitored electronically. A relationship between posttest scores and the number of eye fixations was found. Twenty references are listed. (FM)

Two types of pictures were used to investigate whether or not the amount of information contained in the pictures would help children's comprehension of wh-questions. Pictures do not seem to facilitate understanding for low socioeconomic (SES) children more than for middle SES children but do seem to be helpful at certain developmental levels. (LC)

Younger (N=30) and older adults (N=30) performed the picture completion and picture arrangement subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale under three conditions of stimuli size: standard, larger than standard, and smaller than standard. Size of stimuli did not influence the test scores of younger or older adults. (Author)

Judging plausibility is argued to be a more efficient strategy than direct retrieval (finding a propositional match) to judge a statement's truth. A proposed model contrasts the strategies in terms of verbatim memory and duration. Direct retrieval is faster when verbatim traces are strong, but plausibility judgment is more efficient over time.…

An encoding algorithm uses empirically determined confusion matrices to activate units in an alphabetum and a lexicon to predict performance of word, orthographically regular nonword, or irregular nonword recognition. Performance is enhanced when decisions are based on lexical information which constrains test letter identity. Word prediction…

Different tasks were compared using the same subjects, stimuli, and experimental methodology. The results indicate that the lexical-decision task does tend to produce greater inhibition effects than the naming task. (Author/PN)