Describes the subdivisions of the human peri-Sylvian language cortex which were determined by stimulation mapping during craniotomies of four adult patients. (SA)

Three experiments examined the effect of different kinds of background features on children's orientation discrimination. A fourth experiment tested the hypothesis that errors in discrimination of obliques can be attributed mainly to confusion over the left-right direction of tilt. Subjects were 160 five-year-old and 20 seven-year-old children.…

In four experiments 192 infants of five to six months of age were tested for recognition memory of briefly presented visual stimuli. The implications of savings effects in infant memory are discussed. (Author/MP)

Two experiments were conducted to examine whether gross perceptual similarity (shape similarity) and basic conceptual similarity (label similarity) are processed by very young children and influence preferences for novel stimuli. The 88 subjects were 12 to 38 months of age. (MP)

Children at three age levels (grades 1, 3 and 5) were tested for recognition memory of adult male faces following three different orienting activities at encoding: standard intentional learning instructions, judging whether or not each face had a big nose, and judging whether each face appeared "nice." (Author/SS)

The results suggest that coding for storage in the short-term memory is effective when learning occurs under incidental conditions; however, long-term storage appears to be significantly affected by the intention to learn and the foreknowledge of a recall test. (MM)

Three experiments investigated factors influencing the integration of facts acquired from texts. Subjects encountered related facts in the context of relatively long, meaningful texts, a single text, or in two separate texts. Results indicate that integration can occur in both cases. (SW)

Each of 464 noun pairs was rated for synonymy on a seven-point scale by college students to provide an extensive set of synonym pairs for use as stimuli in experiments, and to evaluate the effects of word encoding order on perceived synonymy. (SW)

Tests Piaget's interpretation of long-term memory improvement among 82 five- and six-year-old children. Concludes that there is little evidence for long-term memory improvement or for Piaget's theory of memory. (Author/RH)

Identifies and discusses a change in the theoretical bases of contemporary psychologists' views of infant development: the replacement of the constructs of energy, drive, and motive with cognitive constructs. (CM)

Describes a paper-and-pencil method for producing reaction-time data suitable for group situations. The technique was constructed to contrast the two traditional theoretical approaches to semantic memory but can be applied to other questions of cognitive psychology. (Author/CK)

Able mathematics students had better short-term memory than mathematics disabled students; they recalled best when information was presented aurally, while poorer math students recalled better with visual presentations. (JD)

The study investigated the effects of syntactic order on the recall performance of ten oral hearing impaired, ten manual hearing impaired, and ten normal hearing children (ages 14 to 17 years). It was concluded that the hearing impaired Ss demonstrated evidence of processing syntactically structured material in a similar manner to normal hearing…

Investigates the extent to which kindergarten children (mean age 5.8 years) allocate their processing resources selectively to the relevant components of a visual array. (MP)