To examine the role of cognitive skill and racial stereotyping in Euro-American children's processing of race-related information, 75 Euro-American children, aged 4 to 9 years, were asked to recall test stories that were either consistent or inconsistent with cultural racial stereotypes. As predicted, lower degrees of racial stereotyping were…

Two studies demonstrated that infants use referential cues to guide new word-object mapping as early as 19 to 20 months of age and that they understood that actions accompanying such labeling were not necessarily referential. These findings indicate that language learning is grounded in a relatively rich understanding of cues to reference, at…

To gather normative observations on a visual memory test developed by A. Rey (1964), it was administered to 100 temporal-lobe epilepsy patients with memory deficits and 56 outpatients with neurological disorders. Results suggest a cutoff score of 7 on the memory test may alert the clinician to possible factitious memory complaints. (SLD)

Outlines some theoretical differences in the interpretation of nonword repetition and discusses how best these differences could be resolved. (eight references) (GLR)

Examined effects of participation in an event on four and seven year olds' reports of the event. Results showed that participation lowered susceptibility to suggestion. Older children were less suggestible about actions that took place. Children showed high resistance to suggestions about actions that might be associated with abuse. (SH)

Proposes a cognitive-based model for instructional design that addresses the acquisition and employment of knowledge, the interaction of content knowledge and cognitive strategies for higher order thinking skills, and the affective domain. Educational learning theory is discussed, including working memory, long-term memory, and cognitive skills.…

A theoretical integration of the storage and processing functions of working memory in language comprehension is presented. A computational theory is described in which storage and processing are fueled by activation. Capacity is expressed as the maximum amount of activation available in working memory for either storage or processing. (SLD)

The claim that knowledge alone accounts for variance of memory and development (MAD) is critiqued. Topics include the movement toward a knowledge-based view of MAD and problems with this approach; data suggesting that domain-independent strategies influence MAD; and evidence for a domain-independent tool of developmental import. (SLD)

Examines whether spontaneously strategic children from two age groups differed in the capacity required to execute a strategy. The strategic behavior of younger and older children was assessed on a selective memory task. A significant age difference in the capacity required for the strategy suggested that there is further development of strategies…

Surveyed 100 older adults to determine kinds of memorabilia and cherished objects they would identify and how these were related to reminiscence and current mood as measured by Affect-Balance Scale. Found significant positive relationship between memorabilia and mood; total lack of cherished objects was associated with significantly lower mood…

Two experiments investigated four year olds' beliefs about the effect of effort and performance incentives on recall and the relationship of these beliefs to memory and performance. Children accurately represented the effect of performance incentives on effort but were unrealistic about the power of effort to influence recall. (PAM)

The delay retention effect was examined using a recent model of feedback for 154 undergraduates, testing the assumptions of the model and investigating the effects of different types of feedback on posttest performance. Implications of better performance after delayed feedback and the assumptions of the model are explored. (SLD)

Suggestions for teaching English vocabulary are offered. Root words, combination of forms, prefixes and suffixes, synonyms and antonyms, and telling stories about word origins are covered. (LB)

Investigates whether memory for positive and negative television messages differs in the amount of verbal and visual-spatial information recognized and recalled by television viewers, as a function of differential activation of the brain hemispheres elicited by emotional messages. Suggests that message valence may be related to the amount of…

Explores the function of memory in critical theory, particularly in the work of Herbert Marcuse, as the basis for a critical argumentation. Argues that Marcuse's view suggests that argument is a "re-membering" of what had been split asunder--reason, imagination, and the capacity of action. Discusses other implications of Marcuse's…