Investigates the relationship of subvocal speech to recall in 46 4- and 5-year-old children on three muscle sites: lip, chin, and a nonspeech control. (LLK)

In the present study an attempt was made to investigate the duality of encoding mechanisms via instructional sets that were independent of stimulus characteristics. (Author)

Definitions of four rare words were read to 259 undergraduates who were asked to record letters and syllables of the words, at the tip of the tongue. Results corresponded to an earlier study, with morpheme-like clusters evident. Results indicate an organizing memory system for words used in speech. (CHK)

Subjects studied and were tested for recognition and recall of target words on lists of cue-target word pairs. List-cued recall was higher than non-cued recall, suggesting that recognition failure is independent of subjects' familiarity with task requirements. This contradicts attribution of encoding specificity phenomena to subjects' confusion.…

The encoding processes of poor and average readers were compared in a short-term memory task. Since poor readers have difficulty in integrating audiovisual input, it was hypothesized that this pattern may be due to inadequate acoustic encoding. The results did not support the hypothesis. (Author/CS)

Children from kindergarten, second, and fifth grade were verbally presented a passage containing an equal number of idea units which were relevant versus irrelevant to the main theme of a story. For all grade levels, relevant idea units were recalled to a greater extent than idea units irrelevant to the main theme. (CS)

Reports a study attempting to measure the extent of the loss of knowledge of chemistry among physiology students, to determine the chemistry knowledge most frequently forgotten, and to devise a laboratory program to strengthen the chemistry background of the students. (EB)

Comprehension of a sentence entails constructing a particularized and elaborated mental representation, and this process depends more heavily on knowledge of the world and analysis of context than is generally appreciated. Existing associative or semantic network theories would be strained to accomodate this data. (Author/BJG)

An investigation of memory development using nonmetric multidimensional scaling. Judgments of similarities between complex objects were obtained from 5-year-olds and adults under two conditions: (1) when objects were simultaneously present at the time of comparison, and (2) when the objects were not simultaneously present and had to be compared on…

The question under investigation in the present paper is whether subjects can effectively use retention interval information under demanding acquisition and retention conditions, specifically, to evaluate the contribution of retention interval information to memory performance when temporal information is made explicitly available. (Author/RK)

Four experiments examined the effect of label training on redintegrative memory for novel shapes (remembering the whole shape when only a part is presented). (Editor)

In two experiments, subjects were given five successive short-term memory tests. The findings suggested spatial location as a potential encoding dimension of verbal material. (Editor/RK)

Two experiments were designed to test a number of finite-state self-terminating memory-scanning models for choice reaction times. (Editor)

Preschoolers, third graders, and college-age subjects were tested for accuracy in predicting their own short-term memory span for picture names. (JMB)