Evidence is presented that both reading disabled (RD) and normal reading attention deficit disordered (ADD) children are at high risk to become numerically incompetent adults. It is theorized that this incompetence may be rooted in failure to memorize basic number combinations. (Author/CL)

The Visolett, a small magnification device, was as effective as large print materials for 45 visually handicapped adolescents performing arithmetic tasks. Findings suggested potential uses for the device, including as a supplement to large print materials. (CL)

Thirty-one incarcerated handicapped adolescents who participated in 18 sessions of individual reading and arithmetic tutoring evidenced gains in achievement, with a greater gain in arithmetic than in reading. (CL)

This paper illustrates a different conception of arithmetic, an arithmetic with reasons as well as rules. This arithmetic includes making connections between different representations and making sense of rules as well as using them. It provides a foundation for "Algebra the Web of Knowledge and Skill" in the sense that algebra can be…

This textbook provides the answer key to "Ray's New Arithmetics: Intellectual and Practical." The solutions are as brief as possible. Figures and signs are used wherever they serve the purpose.

Since all manner of quantities require to be compared together, in mathematical computations, and their various relations searched out and determined and as most of our knowledge in mathematical subjects depends on the proportions of several things to one another: so it is requisite that the nature of proportion, and the methods of reasoning…

Describes a study which compares the abilities of 130 first graders in responding correctly to open (Computational) addition exercises to their abilities in responding to equivalent problems stated in the closed form. No statistical difference between levels of correct responses to opened or closed exercises was indicated. (PR)

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised arithmetic subtest revealed a significant difference in performance between sixth graders with learning disabilities, including arithmetic, and Ss who were learning disabled in areas other than arithmetic. A significant main effect was associated with type of presentation/response behaviors. (CL)

It is argued that Macnamara's criticisms of Piaget's theory of number do not lead to Macnamara's conclusions about arithmetic instruction. These conclusions appear to be based on misconceptions about logic and logical theories of number. The misconceptions are discussed and an empirical rationale for the conclusions about arithmetic instruction is…