Based on a survey of 83 instructional developers, this chapter considers whether the instructional developer/client relationship is a consulting relationship and, if so, whether consultants employ a specific consulting model. Four models of consultation are considered--the Product Model, the Prescription Model, the Collaborative/Process Model, and…

The use of mild aversives to control self-injurious and stereotypic behaviors of severely emotionally disturbed children is considered. Research is reviewed on the ethics and effectiveness of aversive stimuli. Mild aversives include a form of nonseclusionary timeout known as facial screening, the administration of certain irritating substances…

The study investigated intrapersonal and interpersonal behaviors and events in self-injurious disabled persons (2-22 years old). The study involved four components: (1) a survey of 82 Ss using the self-injurious behavior (SIB) Perception Questionnaire, Antecedent/Consequent Card Sort, and the American Association on Mental Deficiency Adaptive…

Relations between older adults and their adult offspring have been of considerable interest to social gerontologists. This study was conducted to examine patterns of intergenerational interaction and contact in a community setting. Telephone interviews were conducted with 400 residents over the age of 60. Items in the interview were taken from…

The relationship between lifestyle behaviors and the onset of neoplasm development has been researched extensively. This study took a multivariate approach in attempting to identify lifestyle variables which could predict group membership among subjects diagnosed as having cancer and those subjects who have not been diagnosed as having cancer.…

Unlike initial task interest, very few researchers have investigated the manner in which sources of incentives, i.e., subject-determined versus experimenter-determined, influence the effects of incentives on intrinsic motivation. An experiment in intrinsic motivation was conducted to examine the effects of various sources of incentives and task…

Protection motivation theory proposes that a perceived threat to health activates cognitive appraisals of the severity of the threatened event, the probability of its occurrence, and the efficacy of a coping response; a recent reformulation of the theory incorporates self-efficacy expectancy as a fourth mediating cognitive process. To test the…

Assumption made in this study is that student life styles are varied and there is no one classroom structure appropriate for all students. Central hypothesis tested is that the greater the match between a student's life style and classroom structure, the greater the congruence between life style and classroom behavior. (Author)

Replicates the McConkie and Rayner study (1974) in which the strategies of college students were manipulated through the use of payoff conditions. (RB)

Results of a survey show that all of the employers surveyed were apparently trained to use "tough talk" to control employees. In an experimental case described in the article, the application of behavioral technology to business problems resulted in tremendous payoffs, both to employer and employee. (Author/SC)

Study includes variety of subjectively positive as well as negative outcomes of becoming a parent for the first time. Using large urban sample, crisis was found to be slight or moderate. Several variables were found to be significantly related to the ease of dealing with first year of parenthood. (Author)

A discussion of all-male home economics classes at a high school in Fairfax, Virginia wherein male students apparently adopted serious attitudes towards cooking, entertaining, budgeting, selection of clothing and the like, when they were given functions of their own. (EK)

Results of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory data were correlated to see if they were related to demographic and behavioral data. Analysis was done for male and female subjects. A significant number of reliable correlates were identified. (Author/EK)

Using families with schizophrenic sons and control families with normal sons, intrafamily communication and schizophrenic thought disorder were evaluated for etiologic versus response basis. Results showed that communication of parents of schizophrenic children was not significantly more disordered than communication in the controlled group. (EK)