Evaluative conditioning (EC) refers to a change in liking of a conditioned stimulus (CS) consecutive to its repeated pairing with a valent unconditioned stimulus (US). We relied on a multinomial processing tree model to compare the processes underlying EC in middle-aged children (n = 57, M[subscript age] = 8.65, range = 6.94-11.03; 31 females) and…

Courses: This semester-long assignment is suited for any course that highlights cultural differences, diversity and equity, social advocacy, social justice, intercultural communication, and intercultural awareness and understanding. Objectives: This series of inclusivity projects will help students to: (1) equip themselves with communication…

The purpose of this study is to examine how proportional reasoning is introduced and developed in two widely used U.S. and Korean mathematics textbooks for grades 6-7. Seven research-based frameworks that identify student learning opportunities for understanding of proportional reasoning were used to analyze the textbooks. The results showed that…

The purpose of this quantitative ex post facto study was to examine if, and to what extent there was a statistically significant difference in achievement, in social studies and science, as assessed by student achievement (ACH) scores between males and females within a technology-enhanced learning environment in a school district in the Southeast.…

We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and creativity through a meta-analysis of 885 effect sizes from 151 samples in 116 studies. We adopted a multivariate meta-analysis approach to control for the dependency of the effect sizes along with a robust variance estimator to account for their correlation. Analyses showed that…

Purpose: The overarching purpose of this journal-ready dissertation was to determine the degree to which differences existed in Grade 4 STAAR Writing performance by student economic status, gender, and language status. In the first article, the purpose was to investigate the extent to which student economic status (i.e., Not Poor, Moderately Poor,…

Student leadership identity is fast becoming one of the most critical challenges educational institutions face today. However, mental health counselors may be limited in the amount of education and training received as they become leaders in the field. There is currently no known mandate at the master's level for leadership embedded within the…

Preschool children's narrative skills have a positive impact on their future school literacy, their inferential and representational skills, as well as their linguistic and socio-cognitive skills. Therefore, this study examined the impact of an intervention program on preschool-aged children's understanding of the structure of the stories so that…

This study aims to compare the distance education process and system-related satisfaction of students using different learning management systems (Moodle, Google Classroom). Research samples of this mixed explanatory design comprise a total of 7318 students enrolled in Usak University for the 2020-2021 academic year. The sample categories include…

The likelihood that individuals will experience psychological problems increases during the pandemic periods, and these problems usually continue after the pandemic process is over. Regarding psychological problems, some concepts, such as hope, have a protective and accelerating role of well-being. This study aims to reveal the psychological…

An eye-tracking experiment was conducted with speakers of Dutch (N = 84, 36 male), a language that falls between grammatical and natural-gender languages. We tested whether a masculine generic pronoun causes a male bias when used in generic statements--that is, in the absence of a specific referent. We tested two types of generic statements by…

A national survey of American families was conducted to ascertain the extent of interest in self-directed education (SDE) in the United States. Our research took place in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic--a moment when we required a much better understanding of what parents need from the US education system. Data were gathered using an online…

This paper provides an analysis of how Swedish 15-year-olds perform on the high-stakes national assessments in geography. It explicitly addresses which item characteristics produce differential item functioning (DIF) in favor of boys and girls respectively. The findings show that DIF occurs in favor of girls in items with constructed response and…

This study aims to examine the anxiety levels of science teachers about organizing trips to out-of-school learning environments and the variables (gender, professional seniority, participation in out-of-school learning activities, organizing out-of-school learning activities, frequency of organizing out-of-school learning activities, and receiving…

Mushing exists in several forms: short and long-distance races, adventure tourism, recreation, and sport. While some scholars assert that gender does not influence a musher's experience, this research, based on interviews with mushers, broadens understanding of how gender influences mushing and a musher's sense of self. Nearly all research…