Two classification methods, latent class cluster analysis and cluster analysis, are used to identify groups of child behavioral adjustment underlying a sample of elementary school children aged 6 to 11 years. Behavioral rating information across 14 subscales was obtained from classroom teachers and used as input for analyses. Both the procedures…

Institutions of higher education want to diversify their learning climates, and many offer courses in multiculturalism, yet these courses still do not meet the needs of attitudinal change. A new instrument was developed, the Munroe Multicultural Attitude Scale Questionnaire (MASQUE), that was theoretically based in Banks's transformative approach,…

Purpose: This study assessed the extent of different types of abuse, repeated and multiple abuse experiences among women aged 60 and older, and their effects on the women's self-reported health. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study of a clinical sample of 842 community-dwelling women aged 60 and older completed a telephone survey about type…

Purpose: This article investigates how older Americans leave their career jobs and estimates the extent of intermediate labor force activity (bridge jobs) between full-time work on a career job and complete labor-force withdrawal. Design and Methods: Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we explored the work histories and retirement…

Behaviors developed in adolescence influence health later in life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of health care provider's discussion of health behaviors with overweight and non-overweight adolescents and identify demographic and health behaviors related to exercise, hours of television viewing, and weight issues…

Despite research into the factors that motivate prospective teachers and those already in post, relatively little attention has been paid to the perspectives of trainee teachers. This article is based on a survey of 550 undergraduate and postgraduate trainee teachers, using a Likert-type questionnaire, to discover whether particular patterns of…

Two studies examine patterns of school readiness in children at school entry and how these patterns predict first-grade outcomes in a nationally representative sample of first-time kindergartners from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study--Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999 (N = 17,219). In Study 1, cluster analyses revealed four profiles at…

This descriptive study employed a within-groups analytic approach to examine patterns of sexual risk behavior and co-occurring general and race/ethnicity-specific risk and protective factors in a community sample of African-American youth (n = 436). Cluster analysis was used to classify young adults by levels of self-reported past year sexual risk…

What distinguishes adolescents who are active in community and political life from those who are not? In an attempt to answer this question, students in their last years of secondary school completed a measure of community and political activities, along with measures of parent and peer interactions, identity development, and adjustment. Cluster…

Young children's learning--and how their learning is distributed by social background--may be influenced by the structural and organizational properties of their school. This study focuses on one important structural dimension of these educational contexts: "size." This study differs from extant studies linking size to student outcomes in four…

This article reports findings from a survey of the values and perceived practices of 1212 members of staff in 32 schools in England participating in the "Learning How to Learn" (LHTL) project in relation to teachers' professional learning. Through factor analysis four underlying dimensions of teachers' learning practices were developed.…

A previous multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) study of attitudes toward interactive video (ITV) of participants in distance education had indicated that generalized variance was not homogeneous across all groups. Since heterogeneity of variance in MANOVA has previously been shown to change Type I error rates in unequal group size, detected…

There has been concern in the private school research community that private school diversity is not captured by the three divisions of Catholic, other religious, and non-sectarian. Data from the 1987-88 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) are used in this analysis to operationalize a typology that further subdivides each group into the following…

Previous research using various measures of teacher quality has largely failed to investigate the relationships among such assessment measures using multivariate procedures. Multivariate investigations are essential in studies of teacher competence because these methods view various competency variables in the larger contexts to which researchers…

Data from the 1980 and 1982 High School and Beyond Surveys are used to compare the achievement of immigrant and native students in high school. The study examines effects of generation and duration of residence in the United States on improvement in students' performance on standardized tests over a 2-year period beginning with the year the…