An update of the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP), a taxonomy for instructional programs at all levels (elementary to graduate, though primarily postsecondary) is presented. CIP, which was developed by the U.S. Department of Education's Center for Education Statistics (CES), is used in all CES surveys and is the accepted government…

This report is the result of a study to assess whether American Samoans should be designated as Native Americans under the Job Training Partnership Act. The finding is that there is insufficient evidence in favor of such a change in designation. To designate American Samoans as Native Americans may set a precedent for amending numerous other…

Any attempt to describe every job position and the activities contained in it would yield a confusing mass of information. Consequently, industrial psychologists have generated methods for classifying occupational positions into a smaller number of jobs or job families. Based on prior research it has been concluded that different kinds of job…

To determine whether consensus existed among teachers about the complexity of common classroom materials, a survey was administered to 66 pre-service and in-service kindergarten and prekindergarten teachers. Participants were asked to rate 14 common classroom materials as simple, complex, or super-complex. Simple materials have one obvious part,…

The major groups of marine and estuarine macroinvertebrates of the tidal marshes of the northern Gulf of Mexico are described in this guide for students, taxonomists and generalists. Information on the recognition characteristics, distribution, habitat, and biology of salt marsh species from the coelenterate, annelid, mollusk and arthropod phyla…

Holland's original environmental formulations proposed that an environment's influence was transmitted through its inhabitants: environments could be classified by the predominant personality type of their inhabitants. But the approach to environmental assessment that relies on a census of inhabitants is only one approach, job analysis is another.…

A generic list of North American Chironomidae (Diptera) is presented to help aquatic biologists quickly locate important taxonomic references for the adults, larvae, and pupae of each genus. The list (in chart format) includes literature published through 1981. When recent literature is available, older references are omitted, since the purpose of…

For two decades the Behavioral Classification Project (BCP) has been developing instruments of a behavioral nature for the classification of emotional disorders and the classification of persons with specified patterns of emotional disorders. The BCP has four subprojects: the Pre-school Behavioral Classification Project (PBCP), the Children's…

Evaluation research is conceived as a question answering process. Four strategies are suggested which emerged from four approaches to the study of questions. Evaluation questions must be identified and classified before research can effectively begin. This paper discusses the four approaches to studying evaluation research questions and their…

Models of similarity have traditionally assumed that the similarity relation is symmetrical. However, when reversed, similarity statements frequently have different properties from those of the original. Previous attempts to account for the asymmetry of similarity have focused only on literal comparisons, resulting in a tendency to underestimate…

A precise formulation of both cognitive structure and its related theory is provided through use of the mathematical theory of categories. Weaknesses and imprecision in cognitive theory are identified. Using category theory, cognitive structure and related Piagetian theoretic terms are precisely defined and some interrelationships are discussed.…

Attempts to analyze the realities of current practice in spatial arrangement of ordinary infants' schools and to discuss some aspects of their boundary maintenance. Based on observations made and conversations and interviews conducted in 27 schools in four outer London boroughs. (Author/EA)

Presents a core typology of organizational environments consisting of 64 types which can be expanded depending on the user's interest and problems. Different types of environments have consequences for the planning of strategies, operations, and tactics; coalition behavior; and decisionmaking. (Author)

Among the many types of models developed over recent years in educational planning, some have been restricted to a single institution while others have formed relationships between entire educational systems and the economy at large, but very few have given results helpful to an educational planner. (Author/KM)