This follow up of 24 teenagers who had participated in a study of phonological analysis and reading and spelling abilities 11 years earlier found that phonological awareness in kindergarten was a significant predictor of later word identification and spelling skills. In contrast, socioeconomic status, vocabulary development, word recognition, and…

A study investigated the predictive relationship between initial student attitudes, college admissions test scores, years of high school mathematics taken, and subsequent achievement in introductory college chemistry. Subjects were 179 college freshmen. Results indicated noncognitive variables such as initial attitudes were significant predictors…

Examined and compared the psychosocial predictors of a mother's decision to work and the number of hours worked in Argentina compared to the U.S. Results from 78 U.S. and 68 Argentinean women revealed that better educated, higher status U.S. women worked longer hours after childbirth than similar women in Argentina. Cultural and economic…

Examined whether experiences of parental violence during childhood are related to two separate adulthood problems for women: victimization by severe partner violence and the development of alcohol-related problems. Violence from both parents related to each adulthood problem, but important differences between mother violence and father violence…

Compared family characteristics and developmental outcomes of African-American children from three rural contexts in South Africa: the homeland, the resettlement, and white-owned farms. Child outcomes were highly intercorrelated in all three contexts, but correlations among family variables, and between family and child variables, showed different…

Examined the relationship between students' stress and social support in junior high school and the same students' psychological distress and school performance two years later. Stress and support variables predicted subsequent psychological distress. Stresses, but not supports, predicted subsequent school performance. (BC)

Presents a methodology for construction of location modeling for public library facilities in diverse urban environments. Historical and current research in library location is reviewed; and data collected from a survey of six library systems are analyzed according to population, spatial, library use, and library attractiveness variables. (48…

A study of 33-month-old children, their mothers, and their older siblings concentrated on arguments used when 2 family members were in conflict with a third. There were some direct relationships between partners' arguments. Arguments children used with their mothers differed from those they used with their siblings. (BG)

Relationships between reading comprehension (RC) and critical thinking skills, vocabulary, and cognitive ability were examined using 3 tests with 165 underachieving first-year college students in a remedial reading class. The Iowa Silent Reading Test's vocabulary subtest best predicted RC. The Developing Cognitive Abilities Test's three subtests…

This study examined the experiences of 59 novice end users with a multifile, full-text information retrieval system. A regression model was developed of the relative contributions of computer, system, and subject knowledge to search success as measured by user judgments of the relevance of retrieved documents. Results indicated all three variables…

Examined the association between early caregiving and children's cognitive competence at school age. Mother-child interactions were measured when children were 6, 13, and 24 months and 6 years of age. Children's cognitive competence was assessed at 6 and 8 years of age. Mothers' nonrestrictiveness and verbal stimulation were significant predictors…

A survey of 139 teachers and 138 parents identified educational level and family income as predictors of attitudes toward gifted education. Analysis of extracted principal components found that socioeconomic status and contact with giftedness explained 12% and 10%, respectively, of the variance in attitude scores. (Author/DB)

This study investigated the prediction of the self-reported occurrence of 14 violent events among ethnically diverse eighth graders from psychosocial variables measured in the same youths in seventh grade (tobacco and alcohol use, and demographic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal variables). Data analysis provided support for an extension of…

A conceptual framework for short-term and long-term speech-sound normalization research is presented, and 1-year normalization outcomes for the 54 children described in EC 609 708 are reported. Although certain individual speech variables were significantly associated with normalization, there were no speech, prosody-voice, or risk-factor…

Examined the impact of 2 environmental factors--social class and family risk levels--and 2 biological factors--intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and medical risk--on the cognitive and motor development of 175 preterm infants. Family risk, early medical risk, and the interaction of family risk and IVH were found to be significant predictors of…