These appendixes provide the technical details, methods, and results for the accompanying infographic. The importance of the study, including guiding research questions, is addressed in appendix A, while the study's research approach and detailed results are provided in appendix B.

Few kindergarten through grade 12 public school teachers--only one out of every three--think that their pay is adequate. Low pay is a top reason teachers consider leaving their job and is a top source of job-related stress for one in three teachers. According to national surveys, teachers' perceptions of pay adequacy have not changed--or have…

Teacher occupational burnout has been a long-standing problem for K-12 educators. COVID-19 further exacerbated this dilemma as school districts nationwide tried to solve the crisis and provide quality education to students nationally. The international health scare created an atmosphere of stress, confusion, and emotional and physical trauma…

In line with increasing attention being paid to the role of positive emotions in second language (L2) proficiency and knowledge, this study set out to examine the relationships between domain-specific emotions (L2 grit, language learning curiosity, foreign language enjoyment, and foreign language classroom anxiety) and L2 vocabulary knowledge. To…

Assembly Bill 1705 (AB 1705) seeks to strengthen students' completion of the first STEM Calculus course for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) programs across the California Community Colleges. The law sets new standards for students' placement and first math enrollment to ensure STEM students begin in transfer-level coursework that…

This technical appendix accompanies the report, "Preparatory Pathways and STEM Calculus Completion: Implications of the AB 1705 Standards." The appendices contain a full methods section and multivariate analyses that augment the descriptive analyses presented in the report. Together, these analyses examined a cohort of more than 37,000…

The Lone Star Stem (LSS) program was designed to increase high-quality STEM education opportunities and outcomes for high-need students in Texas. The focus of the program was on implementing rigorous coursework that helps students gain the skills, postsecondary credentials, and experience necessary to embark on well-paying careers in STEM fields.…

In 2020, Washington state completed the first comprehensive, statewide Early Learning Needs Assessment (2020 Needs Assessment). It summarized extensive community outreach and engagement that occurred in 2019, along with summaries of quantitative data and program and service details from Washington state agencies, Tribal Nations, and many community…

Grow Your Own (GYO) is a teacher recruitment and preparation strategy focused on developing and retaining teachers from the local community. GYO is often used to address teacher shortages and strengthen the teacher workforce; it relies on local community pathways and reciprocal relationships between institutions of higher education, community…

This study seeks to understand the challenges Latina English Learner (EL) students encounter in STEM and investigate how Latina ELs persist in these academic domains. Using an interpretive phenomenological design, we interviewed 15 Latina ELs to explore the strategies Latina ELs employ to persist through undergraduate STEM programs. We also seek…

Educators shape the quality of early education programs and are essential to children's learning and healthy development. However, the early childhood education field is often challenged in retaining educational staff. Using a descriptive research design this study explores turnover and retention through the voices of Head Start and Early Head…

This study explores the process of becoming-scientist-with, a dynamic and relational concept that redefines science identity development as a nonlinear, evolving journey. Focused on a Black male student, Travis, the study examines how his science identity was shaped through entanglements with various material and discursive forces across multiple…

College is associated with positive outcomes in adulthood. However, many students with foster care backgrounds face challenges transitioning into college settings. Young adults with foster care backgrounds also experience mental health conditions and suicidal ideation at a higher rate than their same aged peers. This study examined the…

There is growing support to the argument that effective use of technology in blended learning initiatives, such as gamification, can influence student retention and combat low levels of student engagement as well as improve academic performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a gamified mobile application (GMA)…

Individuals who are American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) are less likely to enroll in and complete post-high school educational programs and to enter STEM careers than White students. Completion of math courses is a common barrier to academic persistence for many students, including students who are AI/AN. This qualitative study interviewed…