This study examined the performance of Oregon University System (OUS) students on 10th grade benchmark standards and subsequent performance in their first year of college. Participants, identified using 1999-00 state data from the Oregon Department of Education, included students who participated in state assessment while in high school and…

This chapter discusses adolescent drug abuse relapse prevention. It presents the following four conclusions regarding the efficacy of prevention programs. First, more controlled studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of relapse prevention strategies with adolescents in reducing factors such as cravings and increasing their…

Noting that current conceptualizations of children's externalizing behavior problems suggest that impulsivity underlies diverse behavior problems and may contribute to peer rejection, this study examined the association between impulsivity and peer status. The study also assessed the unique contribution of aggression and impulsivity in predicting…

Does student aid increase college attendance or simply subsidize costs for infra-marginal students? Settling the question empirically is a challenge, because aid is correlated with many characteristics that influence educational investment decisions. A shift in financial aid policy that affects some youth but not others can provide an identifying…

A study of the relationship of preadmission characteristics of students was conducted across nine colleges with over 25,000 applicants and 4,800 admitted students. Among the findings are: ratings by college staff were influential in admission decisions, but students so identified were not likely to achieve higher grades or persist into sophomore…

This study (1) described secondary business educators on demographic variables; (2) described the self-directed learning level of business educators according to the OCLI and Bartlett-Kotrlik Inventory of Self-Learning; (3) determined if relationships existed between learning levels and selected variables; (4) developed a graphic model to explain…

An empirical study of statistical overkill investigated the generalizability of multiple regression equations as a function of the subject/variable ratio. Data from various-sized groups of rehabilitation clients were used to develop the equations. Findings showed that equations developed on samples with less than a 10 to 1 ratio failed to…

Three demographic-structural variables ("principal wage earner,""size of family," and "ordinal position") are correlated with "drug use" in this study. Analysis of the data reveals weak relationships that are consistent with previous studies in the case of whites, but not for blacks. However, these demographic-structural variables which have been…

In this paper, we explore the rules that determine intuitive predictions and judgments of confidence and contrast these rules to the normative principles of statistical prediction. (Author)

Preliminary factor analyses of predictor tests in advantaged and disadvantaged groups is recommended as a way of forming a priori expectations concerning validities of the predictors to guide both use and research. (Authors)

This paper is concerned with the effects of test settings on the evaluation process. (Author)

The remedial course had no effect on student satisfaction and persistence but a modest effect on subsequent course performance. The experimental methodology described can provide the college researcher with a basis for determining whether there is a need to revise or eliminate current remdial courses. (Author)

It would seem that type of school has only a slight association with the standard of university first-year performance. What effect there is tends to be in favour of the co-educated students, suggesting that more of the single-sex educated may find the transition to university difficult and therefore be at risk. (Authors/CB)

Intelligence variables were found to be good predictors of recall performance at later stages of acquisition under delayed recall, while under immediate recall, memory variables predicted recall performance best at early stages of acquisition. (Authors)