Discussion of children in single-parent families focuses on contributions fathers make to children's development; proposes a model for viewing fathers' roles in literacy; and suggests programs for libraries and schools to involve fathers and compensate for fathers' absences, including a bibliography of children's literature with positive male role…

Examined the effects of parental stress on adolescent adjustment in independent rural and urban samples of intact families with at least one early adolescent male child. Findings showed that parental stress was related to adjustment through stress-related parental depression that, in turn, correlated with disrupted discipline practices. (MDM)

Reports on a study of 160 Nigerian secondary students to determine the influence of achievement motivation and gender on performance in English language learning. Finds that, if adequately motivated, the students are capable of mastering English. Attributes the lack of gender differences to social change in Nigeria. (CFR)

Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Labor Market Experience Youth Cohort demonstrate that a greater percentage of teenage fathers come from poor and unstable households where household members are less educated. For whites, being a father is associated with low self-esteem, but this is not true for blacks. (SLD)

Studied effects of expert knowledge and metacognitive knowledge on strategy acquisition. Boys who were poor readers and baseball experts were trained in reading strategy using baseball or nonbaseball stories. Found that boys trained using baseball stories demonstrated greater strategy use; boys with higher metacognition demonstrated better…

A cross-sectional design with equivalent measures involving 200 college students and 325 high school students investigated the rates of depression reported by college males and females relative to those reported by high school students, as well as variables explaining shifts. Lower depression levels are found in college females. (SLD)

Provides a brief historical national perspective on types of dilemmas that African American men encounter and demonstrates how these men's experiences and belief systems sometimes inhibit their pursuit of academic achievement. Presents a fictional counseling scenario with a student so as to link theoretical knowledge with practical application.…

A questionnaire completed by 119 researchers defending doctoral theses in Finland before 1986 shows that the average age for women defending a thesis was 39.7, an average of 2.4 years older than for men. An average of 3.5 years was required for doctoral studies, with about 13.6 months spent in final thesis revision. (SLD)

The author worked with 10 students at an inner-city elementary school. This case study illuminates the interplay between theory, practice, and values by describing effective techniques of intervention in a situation that reflects social pathology. Traditional African values are incorporated in counseling interventions with disruptive male…

Compared the effectiveness of a school-home note with and without response cost on the disruptive and on-task behavior of three preadolescents. Inclusion of response cost was associated with marked improvements in attentiveness and stabilization of disruptive behavior as compared with that obtained with a traditional school-home note. (LKS)

Systematic implementation of a peer-mediated self-evaluation procedure to improve the recess behavior problems of three second-grade boys was evaluated. Clear improvements in the boys' behavior were found, which were maintained as the self-evaluation procedure was systematically faded. In addition, treatment effects generalized to another recess…

Reports on a survey of 213 economists to determine the role feminism has played in economics and economic views. Finds that, although the number of women studying economics has increased, feminism has little impact on scholarship in economics. Discusses the reasons for this lack of impact. (CFR)

Reports on a study of student preference for musical instruments over 3 decades in 600 elementary, secondary, and colleges. Finds that gender-based segregation has increased at the high school and college level, but findings at the elementary level are inconclusive. (CFR)

Data from a survey of 1,038 men and 558 women primary care physicians were used for gender comparisons of 19 factors influencing choice of specialty. Other practice and demographic data were also considered. Results indicate men were more often influenced by early role models, women more often by personal and family factors. Some variables showed…

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for 1979 through 1991 are used to demonstrate that acquisition of the General Educational Development (GED) credential is associated with an increase in the rate of wage growth for male high school dropouts. (SLD)