Examined effects of the age of adult female strangers on the affective behavior of 60 Japanese toddlers. The first study investigated the importance of the age discrepancy between mothers and female strangers aged 23 and over 65. The second study compared toddlers' reactions to mothers, men and women strangers the mother's age, and men and women…

Analyzes differences among high school political activists with conservative, liberal, and left perspectives. Discusses gender differences in the Bem Sex Role Inventory and other politically associated behaviors. No gender differences were found on extent of political activity. Females more often presented future family life as a limitation on…

One hundred forty-six young adolescents and 166 young adults completed questionnaires assessing the appraisal of efforts to cope with 3 common stressful events--conflicts with mother and friend and failure. Significant correlations were found between appraisal and coping, and results suggest that coping is multiply determined. (SLD)

In this case study, music was applied noncontingently and contingently across four settings with an adolescent male with autism, to reduce aberrant, repetitive vocalizations. The intervention was associated with dramatic reductions in the primary aberrant behavior and reductions in two other aberrant behaviors. Task performance was differentially…

Reports on a longitudinal study of developing communication in two profoundly deaf preschool boys growing up in oral deaf families who use oral English as their primary language. Results provide a window on the natural ontogenesis of a compensatory gestural system. (Contains 44 references.) (JL)

This study presents a descriptive analysis of attitudes toward integrating works by women into American literature classes and reflects the perspectives of 254 English department chairs. Overall, attitudes were positive, with female chairs more enthusiastic and works by women more likely to be integrated in schools with gender-integration…

Among 500 students surveyed at the University of Ife (Nigeria), female students represented an elite segment of Nigerian society but held equal or lower educational and career expectations than did the more socially and economically diverse male student sample. Male students' lower-SES background did not appear to limit university access,…

Discusses cultural, socialization, gender-related, and psychohistorical reasons for the resistance to, and low participation in, therapy for African-American males. Development of a trusting relationship is a critical first step in the treatment of African-American men. The therapist must acknowledge and respect the skepticism the client initially…

Examines whether feminine or masculine gender role behavior is associated with lower academic achievement in general as well as in mathematics and whether these relationships increase with age in a sample of 333 boys aged 6 to 10 years. Variations are only marginally correlated with school achievement. (SLD)

This paper, in French, describes possible links between moral discussion, moral judgment, moral action, and moral atmosphere in a readaptation unit for male adolescent delinquents in which the Just Community Approach was used. Results showed an improvement in individual moral judgment and decreased frequency of misbehaviors after group…

Behavioral techniques (positive reinforcement and nonexclusionary timeout) effectively decreased problem behaviors of noncompliance and aggression of a young adult male with severe mental retardation and Down's syndrome residing in the community. (DB)

Examines six mentoring programs conducted by fraternities and other organizations to ascertain the perceptions of participants of the effectiveness of their involvement. Results with 51 mentors and 54 African-American male adolescents support the positive impact of mentoring programs. Mentoring can be an important component of multifaceted…

Describes how two regional universities with lengthy teacher certification programs adapted to meet the national challenge of recruiting more male and minority-group elementary school teachers nationwide while still adhering to standards of excellence. The Experimental Certification of Ethnic Colleagues for Elementary Schools resulted in accolades…

Studies evaluating interventions designed to reduce rape-supportive beliefs are examined to identify effective strategies. Searches were conducted on several databases from 1980 to present. Results indicate that human-sexuality courses, workshops, video interventions, and other formats appear to be successful strategies, although these…

This study examined the effects of a cross-age peer-tutoring program on the social skills of two sixth-grade and two socially rejected and isolated kindergarten boys. Peer tutoring consisted of the older boys conducting social-skills training with their younger tutees. The frequency of positive social interactions increased for all four boys, with…