Assessed in this paper is the relative importance of three factors that partially account for the unequal distribution of men and women in positions of authority: (1) women's qualifications; (2) the behaviors and policies of employers; and (3) the attitudes and behaviors of the women themselves. (Author/EB)

Data from the Miskimins Self-Goal-Other Discrepancy Scale and the Personal Data Questionnaire, completed by business students in eight suburban Cook County, Illinois, high schools indicated that male and non-White respondents had weaker self-concepts than female and White respondents. As self-concept influences learning and behavior, further…

Student attitudes and sex stereotypes were investigated in high schools with male and female principals to ascertain whether experiencing women in leadership roles related to greater student acceptance of women's capabilities. Boys, significantly more than girls, believed women lack leadership characteristics, regardless of the principal's gender.…

Examines the initial reactions of type A and type B boys and men to uncontrollable events. Type A individuals are characterized by extremes of competitive achievement striving, impatience, and aggression, a pattern of behavior implicated by recent research in the etiology of coronary heart disease. Type B individuals exhibit the relative absence…

Income levels and percentage change in 1971-1975 income were regressed on personal and institutional variables for husband and wife doctorates holding full-time academic positions. Composite results indicate, among other things, a negative relationship between income for one spouse and the perceived opportunities for employment of the other…

A study compared the effects of microcomputer-based software and hand-held calculators on the statistics achievement of 50 graduate students. Results showed no significant difference between computer and calculator groups or between genders but did show an interaction effect. Males using microcomputers outperformed 82% of females using…

Listening comprehension and recall abilities for social studies lectures were examined and compared in 20 adolescent males with language-learning disabilities (LLD) and in 29 controls. Regardless of lecture type (comparison or causatory expository discourse structures) or question type (literal or inferential comprehension), the performance of the…

Asserts that the challenge in developing effective campus health-promotion strategies for homosexual men is to provide clear information, opportunities for skill building, enhancement of self-esteem, and community support for those who may not even realize they need interventions. Discusses intimacy, sexual behavior, prejudice, and violence as…

Reports the results of a qualitative study which addressed the effects of women's childhood sexual abuse on male partners and the couple relationship. Partners (n=6) expressed concerns about individually-focused survivors' therapy which can create strains in already burdened relationships. Suggestions are presented for a more systemic approach…

Discusses a book that unravels how six young, African American men developed different meanings of the high school diploma, their experiences in classrooms, and their relationships with family members and peers, asserting that these meanings of school and relationships can be explained by examining the differential access to power and privilege,…

Examined the influence of 3-year-olds' facial characteristics on adults' predictions of children's gender- typical behaviors. Found that adults' expectations for children's gender-typical behaviors are influenced by the masculinity/femininity of children's facial appearance, regardless of the gender information provided. Explored implications on…

Argues that for reasons of development and temperament, many boys have difficulty fitting the traditional classroom expectations of many teachers. Presents some specific strategy changes made by a teacher in the learning environment to address boys' development, interests, and activity levels. Asserts that addressing the needs of boys can make a…

Twentieth-century data on the numbers of students completing university matriculation examinations in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden were used to study the expansion of secondary academic education. The long-term regularity in the expansion and the differential growth curve for the two sexes suggest that the state was not…

Among 1,286 employed persons responding to the Work, Family, and Well-Being survey, women received more interpersonal work rewards (thanks and recognition) than did men, and these rewards correlated negatively with earnings. However, men and women did not differ in their ratings of interpersonal or economic work rewards as subjectively rewarding.…

Library literature is examined for patterns for succession to the academic library director's position. A survey of 21 library directors of The Council on State University Libraries was conducted to determine changes. Findings indicate women find it easier to obtain library director positions through external hires; male librarians no longer have…