School unit achievement gains computed by six different methods are compared. The data include total reading scores from the Metropolitan Achievement Test administered to Title I students in 32 elementary schools. The achievement gains were computed in standard scores, grade equivalents, percentile ranks, residual scores based on individual scores…

The following tests and techniques have been developed by the U.S. Emloyment Service for the measurement of occupational aptitude, clerical skills, literacy skills, and occupational interest: General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), Nonreading Aptitude Test Battery (NATB), Specific Aptitude Test Battery (SATB), Clerical Skills Tests, Basic…

Endeavoring to combat the persistent problems of low achievement, poor reading skills, and nagging absenteeism, the Intermountain Inter-Tribal High School, an American Indian boarding school in Utah, developed a project whose primary mission was to reduce substantially the number of students scoring below the acceptable norm in grade equivalency…

Factors that may influence teacher academic expectations include socioeconomic level, sex, level of academic and intellectual functioning, background information, and test results. In a study conducted by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) on teacher expectations and pupils' intellectual development, it was found that, when teachers expected certain…

A recent California Supreme Court ruling required San Diego Unified School District to implement a course of study in its minority isolated schools that would result in 50 percent of the students achieving at or above national norms on the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills. In response to the court order, the district initiated the Achievement…

This discussion of educational trends of interest to school superintendents focuses on three issues: (1) the general decline of birth rates, school enrollments, staff, facilities, and expenditures for instruction; (2) the increase in mandated assessments and programs brought on by declining academic performance and political influences; (3) the…

The Arizona Course Instructor Evaluation Questionnaire (CIEQ) was designed to assist individual instructors in improving teaching methods and courses. Secondary uses include faculty evaluation, research, and course and instructor selection by students. Successive refinements of the original pool of 1,000 items by factor analysis and subjective…

The educational significance of wrong answers on multiple choice tests was investigated in over 4,000 subjects, aged 7 to 20. Gorham's Proverbs Test--which requires the interpretation of a proverb sentence--was administered and repeated five months later. Four questions were addressed: (1) what can the pattern of answer choice, across age, using…

This report was prepared in response to a request by the Eugene (Oregon) school board for an assessment of reading instruction in the school district. The report first examines how well Eugene students are learning to read. Special areas discussed are the number of students with reading problems, the techniques of collecting and analyzing test…

Anthropological methods of classroom observation were combined with the results of student responses to three questionnaires in a study of classroom learning environments. The questionnaires were: Learning Environment Inventory, Class Activities Questionnaire, and ALP (Authenticity, Legitimacy, Productivity) Ethos Instrument. Although the…

Three do-it-yourself intelligence test handbooks, five mini-textbooks, and five consumer protection guides are reviewed. Each type of publication reflects different social ideologies and communicates favorable, cautiously neutral, or critical messages, respectively, about testing. Psychologists Jules Leopold, Martin Lutterjohan, and Victor…

A sixth-grade mathematics test was evaluated in two different ways, and the evaluations were compared. One method of evaluation was to use the Rasch model for item analysis and to accept or reject items on the basis of the extent to which the data fit the model. The other method of evaluation was to ask school superintendents and teachers to rate…

A STUDY OF FIVE DIFFERENT ESSAY EVALUATION PROCEDURES WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE INTRARELIABILITY OF EACH AND TO USE THESE RELIABILITY SCORES AS A BASIS FOR COMPARING THE FIVE PROCEDURES. TEN THEMES WERE ASSIGNED TO FIVE RATING GROUPS, EACH USING A DIFFERENT EVALUATION PROCEDURE--(1) THE CALIFORNIA ESSAY SCALE, (2) THE CLEVELAND COMPOSITION…

This monograph serves as a nontechnical guide to teachers, counselors, school psychologists, administrators, parents, and others who use the 1974 Standards for Educational and Psychological Tests. The Standards are a concise summary of standards and guidelines for the development, evaluation, interpretation, use, and reporting of information on…

This paper describes a longitudinal research study on the development of sextyping in adolescent females during their sophomore, junior, and senior years of high school. Each fall the test group of 65 females was administered the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Respondents whose self-perception was characterized as feminine demonstrated consistency across…