An item response theory model based on the Rasch model is proposed for composite tasks, those decomposed into subtasks of different kinds. The model, which is illustrated with an application to spelling tasks, constrains the difficulties of the composite tasks to be linear combinations of the difficulties of the subtask items. (SLD)

Introduces a new approach for partitioning test items into dimensionally distinct item clusters. The core of this approach is a new item-pair conditional-covariance-based proximity measure that can be used with hierarchical cluster analysis. The procedure can correctly classify, on average, over 90% of the items for correlations as high as 0.9.…

Describes the technique of linked multiple choice, a hybrid of open-ended and multiple-choice formats. Explains how it combines the testing power of free-response questions with the efficient grading of multiple choice. (SK)

A Rasch method is proposed to measure variables of nonadditive conjoint structures, where dichotomous response conditions are evaluated. In this framework, both the number of endorsed items and their latent positions are considered. The four steps of the method are explained and illustrated with simulated person responses. (SLD)

Studied how Rasch analysis could be used to reduce the number of items in an instrument while maintaining credible psychometric properties. Applied the approach to the Visual Function-14 developed to measure the need for and outcomes of cataract surgery. Results show how Rasch analysis can be useful in designing modifications of instruments. (SLD)

Studied the error associated with a proposed linking method for tests consisting of both constructed response and multiple choice items through a simulation study varying several factors. Results support the use of the proposed linking method. Also illustrated possible linking bias resulting from use of the traditional linking method and the use…

A statistic used by R. Meijer (1994) to determine person-fit referred to the number of errors from the deterministic Guttman model (L. Guttman, 1950), but this was, in fact, based on the number of errors from the deterministic Guttman model as defined by J. Loevinger (1947, 1948). (SLD)

Internal measures of differential functioning of items and tests (DFIT) based on item response theory (IRT) are proposed. The new differential test functioning index leads to noncompensatory DIF indices. Monte Carlo studies demonstrate that these indices are accurate in assessing DIF. (SLD)

Modified the three-parameter model to include an additional random effect for items nested within the same testlet. Fitted the new model to 86 testlets from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and compared standard parameters (discrimination, difficulty, and guessing) with those obtained through traditional modeling. Discusses the…

Showed how Taylor approximation can be used to generate a linear approximation to a logistic item characteristic curve and a linear ability estimator. Demonstrated how, for a specific simulation, this could result in the special case of a Robbins-Monro item selection procedure for adaptive testing. (SLD)

Characterizes the circumstances under which validity changes may occur as a result of the deletion of a predictor test segment. Equations show that, for a positive outcome, one should seek a relatively large correlation between the scores from the deleted segment and the remaining items, with a relatively low correlation between scores from the…

Traces the history of the International Test Commission (ITC), reviewing the context in which it was formed, its goals, and major milestones in its development. Suggests ways the ITC may continue to impact test development positively, and introduces this inaugural journal issue. (SLD)

This overview of the development of the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey includes a series of questions answered in the construction process related to domains assessed, item content, response format, scale construction, length, item bias, scoring scales, and interpretation. The addition of skill items to the interest items is described. (SK)

Used simulation to study the problem of missing item responses in tests and questionnaires when factor analysis is used to study the structure of the items. Factor loadings based on the EM algorithm best approximated the loading structure, with imputation of the mean per person across the scores for that person being the best alternative. (SLD)

Using item response theory, discusses the difficulties faced in evaluating measurement invariance when a psychological construct is assessed through a test or inventory composed of categorical items. Illustrates the usefulness of fitplots in assessing measurement invariance in inventory data. (SLD)