Studies of second language acquisition have concentrated primarily on the speech production of their subjects. This article discusses the relationship between speech directed to the learner and his speech production. (Author/KM)

Describes the oral language examinations developed by ARELS (Association of Recognized English Language Schools). Copies of the examinations in the form of "Picture Story Booklets" and "Reading Passage Booklets" can be obtained from ARELS, 15 Holland Park Gardens, London W14 8DZ. (IFS/WGA)

Describes how the resources of nearby Spanish-speaking communities could be exploited by Spanish programs at universities along the United States-Mexican border. (Author/AM)

Refutes McGuire's analogy to inoculation theory used to predict resistance to beliefs that have not been attacked. An experimental test of effectiveness of different defenses over three belief levels is discussed. (JMF)

In this study, 40 Mexican boys (12 years old), both normal and disturbed, speaking whatever words came to mind, attempted to communicate the emotions of happiness, sadness, love, and anger. (Author)

Recordings were made of Canadian and Mexican actresses reciting contradictory messages in their respective languages (i.e., English and Spanish). The younger children in the experiment in both cultures interpreted the contradictory messages more negatively than the older children. (Author/AM)

Discusses a study designed to investigate people's conceptions of what believability should entail and how these conceptions differ over topic-situations. (MH)

Seventh grade pupils dramatized a narrative taken from a school textbook. This is considered a valuable device for motivating and providing active experience in communicating. The steps in planning and performing the teaching unit are described. The cooperatively produced final script is appended. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Reviews current approaches to testing oral competence at 16plus and suggests some less artificial alternatives. (AA)

Problems in giving students in large West African classes sufficient drill time to practice regularly listening and speaking are discussed and possible solutions are reviewed. Collective and group speaking are seen as useful aids to oral French learning. (LBH)

This article discusses an abnormal type of speech in the Cocopa language called animal talk, which deals with how humans refer to the communication between humans and animals and between animals themselves. The derivation of animal talk from normal speech and speech of mythical animals is discussed. (NCR)

Discusses language shift in one community from German-Hungarian bilingualism to the exclusive use of German. Young women are further along in this direction than others. The linguistic contrast is shown to represent the social dichotomy between a newly available worker status and traditional peasant status. (Author/RM)