A general approach to analysis of covariance structures is considered, in which the variances and covariances or correlations of the observed variables are directly expressed in terms of the parameters of interest. The statistical problems of identification, estimation and testing of such covariance or correlation structures are discussed.…

A method for incorporating decline over time of the predictive validity of scores into mental test theory is presented. The procedure utilizes concepts from multiple regression and analysis of repeated measures. (JKS)

Adolescents from one inner-city, two suburban, and one private school were tested using the Washington University Sentence Completion Test of Ego Development. Both test-retest correlations and change scores supported the hypothesized sequence of ego development. Significant correlation between ego level and intelligence occurred in two schools.…

Birth order effects in brothers were found to derive from difference in family size. Effects for family size were found even with socioeconomic background controlled. Nor were family size effects explained by parental ability. The importance of unmeasured preferences or economic resources that vary across families was suggested. (Author/RD)

Factors that were most important in determining hours of labor supplied by Black wives were different from those affecting White wives. Contrary to previous research findings, the presence of preschool children had a much weaker effect on hours of labor supplied by White wives than on hours supplied by Black wives. (JH)

A reanalysis of research reported in the "Journal of Industrial Teacher Education" demonstrates a tendency among researchers to base interpretations of data entirely on the results of tests for statistically significant differences. The appraisal suggests that several of the published findings should be reviewed using additional data…

Presents an overview of the activities of the American Association of Community and Junior Colleges during 1979 in the areas of federal policy, organization, and funding, broadening the horizons of community-based education and international programing. Includes a financial review of 1979 and a list of projects. (JM)

This article abstracts information from the report, "Problems in Using Pupil Outcomes for Teacher Evaluation" by Robert S. Soar and Ruth M. Soar. It also lists the reasons why the New Jersey Education Association considers "pupil progress" an unfair criterion for evaluating teachers. (SJL)

The Dean's biennial report on the New York University School of Education, Health, Nursing and Arts Professions includes discussion of new academic programs, sponsored programs, and faculty research and publications. Tables list faculty changes and public, private, and alumni grants to the school. (SJL)

Studies the research and other literature on "special care" children and its implications for practice. Concentrates on studies concerning the most severely handicapped children, but also makes use of work on children less severely handicapped, where there are clear possible ways of applying the work to the most severely handicapped. (Author/CT)

Discusses the methodology and results of a national survey of practices in environmental education for preservice Canadian teachers. Among the conclusions presented are those regarding methods, content courses, college faculty, certification, exemplary programs, and major problems in teaching environmental education. (WB)

Reaction time to detect a phoneme target in a sentence was faster when the target-containing word formed part of the semantic focus of the sentence. Sentence understanding was facilitated by rapid identification of focused information. Active search for accented words can be interpreted as a search for semantic focus. (Author/RD)

Raven's Progressive Matrices test items were analyzed for M demand (Pascual-Leone's developmental construct). Data on second- and third-grade subjects were analyzed for extent of absolute agreement of Raven and Figural Intersection Test (FIT) scores. Raw scores on the Raven could be deduced on the basis of FIT performance. (Author/RD)

Students were administered either conditional syllogism, biconditional syllogism, or conditional and biconditional syllogism tests. Analyses confirmed a tendency towards biconditionality. With conditional syllogisms, results indicated variations across forms of both major and second premises and a reversed developmental trend on problems which…