The objective of this study was to examine selected cultural variables (length of urban residency, the child's ordinal position in the family, the number of children in the family, and field independence-dependence) and relate these to reading achievement. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) there is no relationship between length of urban…

This pamphlet is intended for teachers and other people concerned with the teaching of reading. The sections of the pamphlet include: "Individual Differences," which looks at how schools have tried to meet the problem of individual differences; "Working with Individual Difference," which discusses what an individual brings with him to the…

Harcum Junior College has offered a reading development program for freshmen since September, 1966. Incoming freshmen who score below 30th percentile rank on the Nelson-Denny Reading Test are required to enroll in this program. To evaluate gains made by 51 September, 1970 freshmen who completed the program, the Nelson-Denny pretest and post-test…

The assumption that the learning of letter names in their proper sequence is a prerequisite for literacy can be questioned. There is disagreement over the value of early letter-name training. It is variously said to aid in letter or word discrimination, to aid in attaching sounds to letters, and to interfere with both of these tasks. An analysis…

Three hundred and fifty-three Pittsburgh school children were randomly assigned to nine classes taught by the basal approach and nine classes taught by the integrated experience approach. Five readiness measures were administered at the beginning of the first grade, and the Stanford Achievement Test was given in May of first, second, and third…

The purpose of this study was to determine what effects an intensive six-week college reading improvement program would have on students' reading rates, reading comprehension, and cumulative quality point ratio (CQPR) over a fourteen-month period of time. The population consisted of 40 matched pairs of undergraduate students at the University of…

A split class of 10 Year 1 pupils and 20 Year 2 pupils used the Listen Look Learn multi-media program. A Year 1 and a Year 2 class using the regular basal reading program served as control groups. The effectiveness of the Listen Look Learn program was examined by comparing the reading tests scores of the experimental and control groups. To allow…

Discussed are several studies that have examined the effect of sex differences on learning to read. Various findings have suggested 1) sex differences in anxiety manifest themselves early in children's academic careers; 2) girls tended to perform better on readiness measures; 3) boys scored significantly higher on a criterion test administered…

This book emphasizes specific and practical methods a teacher can use to fuse reading and content. Specific ideas and techniques are presented to show how instruction in the reading skills can be incorporated into almost all subject areas. The first chapter develops a rationale with a philosophical base. Next, techniques of diagnosis are discussed…

In the Learning Research and Development Center (LRDC) Beginning Reading Program, vowels are color-coded so that different spellings, representing a single vowel sound, maintain some feature in common. Such color-coding imposes a structure which effectively reduces the uncertainty in associating visually different stimuli with a similar oral…

The hypothesis that disparities in children's associative responses are due to differences in verbal achievement was tested. Also tested was the assumption that for black inner-city children, conventionality in associative responding is accomplished at the expense of increasing verbal repertories and elaborating the meaning of words of varying…

To develop a practical method of individualizing basal reading materials and to test possible effects upon pupils' achievement and awareness of the locus control of their learning when this method is employed, a fourth grade class received directive helpful teacher responses to their requests for assistance with workbook exercises. A tally of…

Since many summer reading programs emphasize mechanical reading skills, it was felt that a less orthodox approach to summer reading instruction would yield more information on their relative effect on achievement. The experimenter avoided the usual emphasis on the development of a sequence of skills by devising a program of individualized, high…

An assessment of reading performance of a representative sample of students aged nine, thirteen, and seventeen years was conducted in Connecticut Public Schools to discover the percentage of students who could perform specific reading skills appropriate to their age and experience. Comparisons were made in the following categories: with national…

This study investigated whether there was a significant difference in the mean achievement scores of second and third grade remedial reading pupils taught by two different programs. The approaches used were (1) a basal reader program in both regular and remedial reading classes and (2) a basal reader program in the regular classroom supplemented…