Synchronous online language lessons (SOLLs) are distinctly different from in-person lessons. Although digital tools, specifically, videoconferencing software, make doing SOLLs possible, these tools have specific affordances and constraints pertaining to how we engage, interact, and relate -- creating new literacy practices. This study reports on a…

This article provides a single, common-case study of a test retrofit project at one Colombian university. It reports on how the test retrofit project was carried out and describes the different areas of language assessment literacy the project afforded local teacher stakeholders. This project was successful in that it modified the test constructs…

Previous studies of translanguaging in educational contexts indicate that translanguaging practices have the potential to generate a decolonial, emancipatory process for language-minoritized students. However, these insights are mainly based on studies of minoritized learners of English as a second language. Drawing on a one-year ethnographic…

This study aims to investigate the Turkish EFL learners' willingness to communicate, tolerance of ambiguity, and parental encouragement levels. Moreover, the study also explored the influencing factors on the learners' willingness to communicate and tolerance to ambiguity. A mixed-methods research design was applied in the study with the…

In this research report, we describe a study to map the scores of the "TOEFL® Essentials"™ test to the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB). The TOEFL Essentials test is a four-skills assessment of foundational English language skills and communication abilities in academic and general (daily life) contexts. At the time of writing this…

Given the role of stress and self-efficacy on educators in the process of language learning and teaching, it is postulated that further elements such as teachers' emotional exhaustion and work engagement had a remarkable role in the educational process both for teachers and learners; however, the predictor role of self-efficacy and stress remains…

Even with recent emerging technologies, textbooks still maintain their significance in language education (Richards, 2015) in the form of digitized resources (i.e., e-teaching materials) (Li, 2021). However, one concern voiced over textbooks is their failure to include pronunciation (Nikolic, 2018). Pronunciation is significant for successful…

This study examined the dimensionality of caregivers' child-directed talk and the association of child directed talk and children's language skills at age of 3 years in a sample of 63 low-SES dyads in low-SES homes. Exploratory factor analysis identified that caregivers' child directed talk is characterized by two dimensions: quantity and…

This study examined the relationship between Japanese language (JL) anxiety, beliefs about JL learning, and the amount of JL used in JL classes. The participants in this study were 670 undergraduate students studying JL at the Institute of Technology in Bangkok, Thailand, as compulsory subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and a stepwise…

Purpose: Measuring the growth of young children's vocabulary is important for researchers seeking to understand language learning as well as for clinicians aiming to identify early deficits. The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) are parent report instruments that offer a reliable and valid method for measuring early…

In many higher education institutions (HEIs) around the world, one of the popular English oral assessments for ESL learners is group discussion. In group discussions, it is vital that they have the ability to manage topics in a discussion by knowing how to initiate a topic, expand on the topic, seamlessly shift from one topic to another as well as…

This study investigated the relationship between the level of cognitive-linguistic difficulty of task input and the size of the cross-linguistic relationship for academic listening comprehension in emergent bilinguals. It was theoretically motivated by task-dependent cross-linguistic interaction frameworks. We hypothesized that task item sets that…

Although the flipped pedagogical approach has been exhaustively explored, the effect of video length remains sparsely studied. Through a mixed design, videos, and three ratio scales, this study determined the effect of video length on English proficiency, student engagement, and satisfaction in a flipped English classroom in China. We concluded…

This qualitative study aimed to investigate adolescent English learners' multimodal communicative competence. Grounded upon a social semiotic approach with the concepts of affordances and transmediation, this research was carried out in an after-school programme at a secondary school in Korea. Three high school students participated in the…

Contrastive rhetoric (CR) has made great contributions to our understanding of L2 writing. Nevertheless, CR has endured countless criticisms over the years, resulting in "reimagined" forms attempting to address many of these criticisms. In doing so, these forms have shaped CR into a collection of complex ideologies that have…