This brief examines trends in the retail trade, especially in grocery stores, from an international perspective. A comparison of recent national studies finds the following: (1) significant differences in structure and organization exist, especially in the role of traditional small shops versus large chain grocery stores; (2) increasing store size…

This paper presents findings of a study that investigated the supply and demand of school administrators in Nebraska and their levels of job satisfaction. Methodology included: (1) an analysis of Nebraska Department of Education data sets; (2) three different surveys each of 100 teachers and 100 school administrators; and (3) a questionnaire of…

Noting that over 11 million children are involved in early care and education outside their homes, and that the quality of the services these children receive depends on the knowledge and skills of the people who care for and teach them, this report presents the results of the first national study of career development in early care and education.…

Long-term care administration often involves care for older adults. Yet, in California, neither academic training required for licensure in this area, nor continuing education for maintaining licensure, specify any knowledge of geriatrics or gerontology. A formal standardized approach to academic preparation for licensing would help ensure quality…

Most teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) face a number of challenges: large and heterogeneous classes, specialized student needs, and poor funding and employment continuity. Many work part time, often in more than one program and serving simultaneously as administrator and teacher. While most have college degrees, their training is…

This booklet explains the operation of New Zealand's National Qualifications Framework (NQF) and its relationship to workplace assessment. Discussed first is the NQF's mission of encouraging people to continue their education and training after secondary school and permitting flexibility in where and how people train. The role of the NQF in…

The extent of worker training in the United States is described, with information about the literacy level of job seekers. Major policy options available for increasing the investment in skills and literacy are discussed. Most data come from surveys by the U.S. Department of Labor. Data indicate that 2 of 5 workers received skill-improvement…

The research on the demand for skills in the U.S. economy is split over the issue of whether technological change has tended to increase or decrease job skill requirements. The question of whether job skill requirements have been rising is important to public policy debates concerning the skill gap, wage inequality, and the changing quality of…

The purpose of Part 151 of the regulations of the New York Commissioner of Education is to carry out the legislative intent to provide financial assistance to school districts. This assistance is provided for the operation of experimental prekindergarten programs for children with educational needs associated with poverty. Section 2 of Part 151…

Employed and retired engineers and scientists are increasingly being recognized as an underused resource for responding to the need to recruit persons to become qualified teachers of science and mathematics in elementary and secondary schools and to enrich the science curriculum. Two strategies predominate to use this resource. To increase the…

Literature concerning microcomputer usage in business education programs within secondary schools, teachers' attitudes toward microcomputer use in the classroom, and employment needs of the business community in computer and related occupations was examined. By comparing microcomputer use and employment needs, the study attempted to determine…

This report is intended to stimulate initiatives on the part of governmental, professional, and consumer organizations and institutions that prepare educational interpreters who work with deaf students. Following an introductory chapter on the development of educational interpreting for deaf students, other chapters discuss: (1) job titles and…

Leadership may be defined as both a process and a property. Research shows that some attributes common to successful leaders (characteristics, knowledge, and skills) can be significantly influenced by planned education or training. In the process of developing a leadership assessment instrument, a study specified four broad tasks that leaders are…

Based on discussions with librarians, library personnel managers, and instructors involved in junior college library technician programs in eight cities, this report of a September 1980 study tour describes the training of library technicians in the United States. Sections cover aims of the study tour; planning the tour; the organization of…

Noting that the rising demand for graduates who can use mass communications technology has led universities to seek teachers with broadcast production experience as well as academic credentials, this paper suggests ways to find such people. Reporting the findings of a review of 64 want ads appearing in "Broadcast Magazine" in a one-year period,…