Background: State-level laws governing recess policies vary widely across the United States. We characterize the presence of such laws and assess their associations with child-level outcomes. Methods: The presence of a state recess law was determined using the Classification of Laws Associated with School Students (CLASS) database. Parents of 6-…

Nationally, there is a mounting interest in better understanding students identified as having an emotional disturbance. Since 2005, clinical diagnosis and treatment of mental health issues in children has trended upward. Nationally, over that same timeframe, the number of students who qualify for special education due to an emotional disturbance…

This research is motivated by the increasing number of users of android-based learning media it impacts the learning outcomes obtained. This study aims to determine the effect of android-based learning media on improving student learning outcomes. This research is a meta-analysis study. Data collection techniques are taken from indexing databases…

This document covers the data terms used in publications sourced from the National Apprentice and Trainee Collection and their associated data tables. The primary purpose of this document is to assist users of the publications to understand the specific data terms used within them. Terms are listed in alphabetical order with the following…

Languages in the Mesoamerican linguistic area have been reported to lack a dedicated means of expressing the privative meaning that encodes the absence of a participant in a situation. This micro-typological study identifies alternative strategies that the languages in this area employ to function without dedicated privative markers, namely…

In an increasingly globalised world, design educators face challenges of complex linguistic and cultural differences in their studios and critique systems. While general issues relating to globalisation and education have been discussed in past research, this paper is focused on improving the teaching and learning environment created by design…

In this study, the correct classification level of whether forgiving oneself, others and the situation is abusing their partners was determined by logistic regression analysis. There are 221 young adults ranging from 19-30 in this study, which was designed in the scanning model. Heartland Forgiveness Scale and Information Form were used in the…

Informal science educators' (ISEs) work with young children has received limited attention in the literature. We investigated ISEs' goals for preschool-aged audiences (3- to 5-year-old children), methods they describe for achieving these goals, and how ISEs understand young children as "doing science" in their venues. We interviewed 35…

Academic resilience refers to students' capacity to perform highly despite a disadvantaged background. Although most studies using international large-scale assessment (ILSA) data defined academic resilience with two criteria, student background and achievement, their conceptualizations and operationalizations varied substantially. In a systematic…

Suicide notes are messages left by individuals who commit suicide or who intend to commit suicide. These written messages express the victims' feelings that were not expressed when they were alive. And thus, this qualitative study intends to investigate the characteristics of linguistic features of suicide notes written by eleven male well-known…

This commentary discusses the recent keynote article in "Second Language Research" by Westergaard (2021), which extends the Micro-cue Model to second language (L2) and third language (L3) acquisition. The commentary comments on such questions as: What makes a given property easy or hard to acquire? How do learners determine similarity?…

Metaphors are recognized as bridging scientists' challenges in communication with the public. In mathematics, however, which often involves abstract concepts and relations, less attention has been paid to the role of metaphors in public communication. In this article we examine the metaphors appearing in the discourse of 10 mathematicians in five…

Although the complexity of children's number learning is recognized, trade books about number have been treated as a simple, undifferentiated set. This analysis of 186 children's books, however, categorized a distinct subset of books about number as "counting books." These counting books were complex with regard to portrayal of counting…

We systematically compared two coding approaches to generate training datasets for machine learning (ML): (1) a holistic approach based on learning progression levels; and (2) a dichotomous, analytic approach of multiple concepts in student reasoning, deconstructed from holistic rubrics. We evaluated four constructed response assessment items for…

Effects of semantic versus syntactic constraints on resolution of Hebrew heterophonic-homographic words were examined at three reading skill levels. Fourth-and sixth-grade students and a group of adults read aloud sentences containing two types of heterophonic-homographs: noun-noun (e.g., BYCH [Hebrew characters] is read as beitsa 'egg' and bitsa…