Suggests that the patron-client relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and intellectuals parallels the relationship between the state and scholars in imperial China. Describes privileges, prestige, and political and social control of university faculty and students; university admittance examinations; and national unified job placement…

Among 13,017 national survey respondents, white males, white females, black females, and, to a lesser extent, Hispanic females, who experienced separation from a biological parent during childhood had lower levels of occupational attainment than those who lived continuously with both parents, but the effects were largely mediated by education and…

Examines 35 low-SES, urban children's ways of interpreting traditional skills-based literacy instruction in kindergarten and first grade. Reveals four patterns of success/nonsuccess in literacy development within the classroom context. (MG)

Investigated adolescents' changes in choice of workmates before and after cooperative learning to identify relationships between these changes and existing friendship and clique patterns, socioeconomic status, race, and achievement perceptions. Pattern that emerged showed that, although actual choices changed, principle upon which choices were…

Examined two contrasting views of how parental marital status relates to long-term adjustment of children. Results of analyses on white adolescents (n=917) from intact, divorced, and blended families failed to support physical wholeness position; rather, results supported psychological wholeness position. Adolescents' adjustment was related to…

Universities can undergird democracy by promoting and defending truth, guarding against despotism, and providing opportunity. To avoid perpetuating the effects of ascription, truly democratic universities must select among students and distribute benefits in ways that are meritocratic but weaken the transmission of status and wealth into which…

Presents prevalence data on 4 specific mental disorders among 452 Cuban immigrants who arrived in the Mariel crisis and 500 Haitians who arrived in the United States at the same time. Only among the Cubans was the standard inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and rate of mental disorder observed. (SLD)

Considers eating attitudes and behaviors related to anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and obesity of white American, African-American, Native American, and some international women from the point of view of cultural influences such as sex role, the media, socioeconomic class, and acculturation to Western society. (Author/NB)

Using longitudinal college student (n=2,497) and parent data and interviews of a subsample (n=60), a study examined factors associated with parental savings for students' postsecondary education. Results suggest that socioeconomic status, student educational aspirations, and the extent to which parents think they will need outside financial help…

This study, with 64 gifted students (grades 4-8) and 432 nongifted peers, found that, although gifted boys were the most popular group, gifted girls were the least popular. Gifted boys were perceived by peers to be physically attractive, less aggressive, more creative, and smarter than other children. (Author/DB)

Social status of learning-disabled (LD) elementary students served by the Integrated Classroom Model was compared to that of LD elementary students in a regular class with resource room support. Results suggest that, although both groups had lower social status than nondisabled peers, ICM students blended into the classroom better. (Author/PB)

This paper analyzes the relationship between athletic participation as a high school student and subsequent psychosocial development. Results show positive associations in terms of social background, cognitive ability, academic achievement, and level of self-esteem but no clear association concerning better adult development or coping with life…

Racism and sexism have economic impacts in terms of pay differentials and occupational segregation. They affect educational outcomes in terms of achievement and the relationship between education and occupational outcomes. Racism and sexism are perpetuated through individual beliefs and behavior and institutional policies and practices. (SK)

Reports on three studies of playground fighting among elementary and middle school age students in Great Britain. Finds that the most common cause of fights were disputes over some aspect of a rule-governed game; teasing; retaliation to an accidental injury; and, to a lesser extent, disputes over space. (CFR)

A tool called the Family Hierarchy of Equilibrium was developed to assess the configuration and balance of significant factors in the lives of families participating in early intervention programs. Critical life factors assessed include parent educational level, mental/physical health, alcohol/drug use, adult/child abuse, nutrition, housing, and…