A West Virginia study that found that smaller poor schools did better academically than larger poor schools is being replicated in four states. Discusses the survival and successes of one tiny Ohio school, the role of small schools' social capital in compensating for poverty, a small-school researcher's recommended school sizes, and changing…

To make group learning situations more equitable, teachers can create a mixed set of expectations for everyone. To carry out this intervention, teachers must choose an appropriately rich cooperative task and convince students that it involves many different intellectual abilities, no one has all of these abilities, and everyone will have some of…

Examines how certain demographic variables affect job satisfaction and self-esteem in a sample of 138 employed mothers from a major U.S. city. Results indicate that age, race, and employment status were significantly related to job satisfaction and self-esteem, whereas time, education level, number and age of children, and marital status were not.…

Library and information studies (LIS) traditionally emphasize pluralism (behavior of interacting individuals) and managerialism (organizations treated as systems) rather than class perspective, which argues that LIS curriculum is a middle-class practice aimed at maintaining cultural hegemony. Examines the corporate world links,…

Compared the extent of maternal depression among the client groups for social workers and home-health visitors in England. Found similarities between depressed clients of both types of workers, important effects of low income and absence of support for health clients referred to social workers, and an emerging gap in services provided for…

Assesses the "value added" by schools to the academic progress of students aged four to seven years. Finds that gender, socioeconomic background, English-as-a-Second-Language, and school composition affect student achievement. Notes that raw, as opposed to value-added, results can give misleading impressions of a school's effectiveness.…

Uses multivariate regression techniques to analyze 1992 household survey data from rural Tanzania, focusing on how household and individual characteristics affect whether a child attends primary school, completes primary school, and attends secondary school. Fathers' education has a greater influence on boys, whereas mothers' primary education has…

Evaluation of the computerized preschool language screening test (KIDTALK) with 41 low socioeconomic status preschoolers resulted in recommendations for further enhancement of this tool by incorporating dynamic assessment components and for continued investigation of its validity with culturally and linguistically diverse preschoolers. (Contains…

Addresses challenges that face social studies education, including the argument over the United States as a "melting pot' or a "salad bowl"; how to increase multicultural understanding; and the growing gap between the rich and the poor in the United States and the world. (CMK)

Evaluated the effects of a drought and temporary food shortage on 248 Kenyan mother-child dyads' energy intake, weight, and behaviors. Found that school-age children were affected more negatively than toddlers, showing significant declines in energy intake, age-corrected weight, activity on the playground, and classroom attention. Behavior…

The traditional model of multicultural education views the child as the product of culture. Proposes an alternate model that focuses on the unique set of experiences each child brings to school. The alternate model includes factors (race, culture, gender, and disability) considered in traditional multicultural models plus several additional…

Examines specific sociocultural factors influencing homosexual identity expression for gay and lesbian adolescents. Using the Negotiated Identity Model on a sample of 172 self-identified homosexual adolescents reveals that variables for gay males included political ideology, socioeconomic status, heterosexual friends, and gender nonconformity.…

Data from four social surveys in the Czech Republic reveal that higher education is returning as a strategy for life success, after being discarded for decades due to Communist egalitarian ideology. Economic returns to education have increased but college graduates feel underpaid. However, many people still hold the "socialist" belief…

Surveys students at two Russian pedagogical universities, Nizhnii Novgorod Pedagogical University and Iuzhno-Sakhalinsk State Pedagogical Institute, regarding their attitudes toward obtaining a higher education in general and acquiring an education in pedagogical specialties. Suggests that Russian youth value access to professional status over…

A study involving 72 Puerto Rican mothers with children with mental retardation living at home found better maternal well-being was predicted by larger social support networks, greater satisfaction with social support, and more minor children living in the household. Mothers faced many socioeconomic challenges and were in poor health. (Contains…