Continuities were found between the behavior of infants at six days of age and their later behavior at 27 and 42 months of age. An enduring relationship was found between a mother's history of psychological and emotional problems prior to the baby's conception and the child's 'atypical' or 'problem' behavior and poor cognitive development.…

A retrospective account of the behaviors of children in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania public schools, the paper describes the impact of variations in life-styles and in the educational milieu on the learning experiences of the students, and discusses possible strategies for incorporating subcultural variations into the school experience.…

Develops and tests multivariate models of social control theory which simultaneously consider how four bonds to society (attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief) operate in relation to delinquency. Suggests a revised formulation of social control, after adding background factors (measures of social class and ability) to the model.…

Examined the effects of social age status and gender on perception of control of work, home, and school situations. Adults perceived the greatest control through the ability to influence powerful others. Adult females perceived greater influence than adolescent or retired females but the same as males of any age. (Author/JA)

Children's occupational choices were scored for complexity using the code numbers of the Occupational Titles. Findings indicated a positive relationship between socioeconomic status and complexity of data manipulation in occupational choices and greater complexity of interaction with things in the occupational choices of boys. (Author/JAC)

School means of 59 cognitive variables were analyzed along with mean socioeconomic status and 19 high school variables. When the intercorrelations of school means were factor analyzed, it was clear that the social selection of students for schools operates almost entirely on the general factor in human intelligence. (Author/CTM)

A Higher Education Research Institute pilot study of the reputations of undergraduate departments is discussed. The intent of the study was to quantify the subjective judgments of undergraduate departmental quality and to investigate the association of ratings on different criteria and for different types of institutions. (MLW)

A study of earnings differences between northern and southern states shows that white-collar workers in both areas now receive roughly equal pay. Women, blacks and blue-collar workers in the South still receive significantly lower wages than their northern counterparts. (AM)

A longitudinal study of first graders found that children had a more internal locus of control, were more optimistic, and scored higher on an effectance motivation measure at the end of first grade than at the beginning but attitudes and self-esteem did not change. Some changes were effected by SES and academic success. (AtuhorRD)

Among 492 rural Ohio high school students surveyed in 1979, 78.3% had used alcohol at least once and 51.3% had used marijuana at least once, contrasting previous research reporting low substance use among rural youth. Socio-demographic and family variables had only limited utility for understanding drug or alcohol abuse. (SB)

Examines research literature relating to aging and ties of interpersonal support. Points to two areas yet to receive systematic research attention: male sex role in older age and variant life styles of older people. Suggests that research is needed for better understanding of the aged of the future. (Author)

The moral economy is described as that segment of the world's social system in which individuals' decisions and actions are dominated by their image of the general good, even at some cost to their individual economic welfare. (MLW)

Immigrant economic adaptations should be analyzed as vehicles through which factors in the society of origin influence experiences following migration and as predictors of noneconomic characteristics. Among first generation Japanese Americans, father's occupation and class status, as well as respondent's education, religion, and family background,…

Proactive interference (PI) build-up and release from PI were used to study automatic conceptual encoding of superordinate and subordinate category lists in low-socioeconomic status (SES) Black children and middle-SES White children (grades 2 and 4). (Results for each population on the three category lists are described). (GDC)

Later scholastic success is most highly related to early measures of achievement, affective status, and underperformance; affective status significantly predicts later social adjustment. Thus, neither poverty nor low achievement, both currently favored as Title I allocation criteria, should be used as sole indicators of need. (CP)