Presents a theoretical formulation that integrates, within the framework of expectation states theory, theories of the emergence of power-and-prestige orders in status-heterogeneous and homogeneous task-oriented groups. Discusses a model based on this theoretic formulation. Offers a model for predicting participation rates in open interaction…

This article reviews data on problems in communicative development of maltreated children and discusses their implications for practitioners concerned with communicative development. The influence of social class and cultural factors is examined, and the impact of child maltreatment on communicative development from infancy up to school age is…

Describes a study that compared the personal characteristics, professional achievement, and career development of 1979-81 graduates of on-campus and off-campus programs of eight accredited American library schools. It is concluded that schools that offer extension education are offering a worthwhile service in providing a capable group of…

Contends that the question of what Black Americans call themselves is a nonissue that diverts attention from larger problems without contributing to their solution. Traces widespread crime, poverty, educational failure, and institutional breakdown to the erosion of Black family and community values, and urges the reversal of this trend. (AF)

The relationship between marital status and academic achievement was studied for 199 single and married students with and without dependents at a community college. Married students were more likely to have higher grade point averages (GPA) and to be older. Having dependents is not a significant predictor of GPA. (SLD)

The underclass model used to describe the situation of inner-city Blacks cannot legitimately be employed to understand the social and economic status of Hispanic Americans. A comprehensive theory of Hispanic poverty must consider diversity of Spanish-origin groups; race; residential segregation; immigration; and role of the Spanish language.…

Interviews with 301 Native American households in Rapid City, South Dakota, examined demographic variables and attitudes and needs in the areas of education, housing, transportation, health care, recreation, and employment. The ultimate goals for Native American people are achieving empowerment and group determination through greater cultural…

Uses a representative national sample from the National Education Longitudinal Study, focusing on students before high school and controlling for socioeconomic status (SES). Findings show that performance of students in single- versus dual-parent families significantly depends on SES. At the mean level of SES there is no statistically significant…

A study involving 254 children (ages 3 to 17) investigated how children referred to the East Baltimore Mental Health Partnership (EBMHP) from a traditional mental health center differed from children referred by non-mental health agencies. Children differed in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics and psychosocial adjustment depending on…

Reviews theories of identity formation ranging from the classic work of E. H. Erikson to postmodern and feminist theories, and incorporates qualitative research examining the identity formation of 14 adolescent girls. The article suggests that schools can serve as sites for deconstructing issues of socioeconomic status identity, body image…

Tested a model of direct and indirect effects of certain school learning variables on the academic achievement of African-American 10th graders using data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988. Socioeconomic status, prior learning achievement, and students' perceptions of teachers and teacher quality were found to have…

A study using data from 14,614 full-time faculty examined total work hours, research productivity, and allocation of work time among teaching, research, and service. The study found variation in time expenditures and research output influenced by gender, race/ethnicity, and marital/parental status, but findings were also sensitive to definitions…

Examined whether 11th-grade girls and boys enrolled in advanced mathematics courses nationwide were socialized in similar ways, using Campbell's differential socialization paradigm. Results uncovered a gender gap favoring boys. Self-imposed pressure and persistence had important direct effects on achievement. Self-concept had important direct…

Cross-section analysis of mean 8th grade NAEP math scores and SAT-I scores found that New York State students (who take Regents exams) were one grade level equivalent ahead than might be expected, given their socioeconomic background, compared to students in other states. Dropout rates were comparable. (Contains 27 references.) (MLH)

Examines some reasons why not all students are afforded equal opportunities to acquire technology skills. Identifies three main impediments to technological equalization: gender bias, geographic and socio-economic biases, and racial bias. Attempts to show how these biases work to prevent students from receiving equal opportunities to master…