The purpose of this study was to determine whether the private speech of 40 kindergarten children involved in a problem-solving task differed according to gender, socioeconomic status, sociability, and academic ability. The introductory chapter provides a brief summary of the theoretical views of Piaget and Vygotsky concerning private speech.…

This publication reports findings from the 1981 and 1982 Current Population Survey studies conducted by the United States Bureau of the Census regarding the characteristics of the 702,000 noninstitutionalized disabled Hispanics between 16 and 64 years of age. Tables, figures, and text provide information on age distribution, educational…

An examination of language use in 19th century Brussels seeks to explain how and why a link between language and social class came into operation. Hypotheses relating the social characteristics (material circumstances and consciousness) of social classes and segments of social classes to various resulting language patterns are proposed. This…

A review of research suggests that female participation in the work force in the United States creates change in the socioeconomic status of women and thus in their consumer behavior. In 1950, 25 percent of married women were in the labor force; in 1975, 44 percent worked outside the home. The increasing number of married working women has led to…

This set of materials on the employment status of librarians in research libraries was assembled by the Systems and Procedures Exchange Center (SPEC) of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL). Representative examples of library faculty by-laws are provided from the University of Minnesota, the University of Cincinnati, Michigan State…

The theoretical basis of most studies of identity development is Erikson's theory, which proposes that the achievement of a personal identity is the central developmental task of adolescence. Although Erikson mentioned the role of culture, no research has examined ethnicity directly as a dimension of identity. This study examined ethnic identity…

Although technological innovations have been widely adopted in elementary schools, efforts to implement these have generally not been successful. Past research on innovation has largely ignored the social context in which implementation occurs. This research examines how the implementation of the microcomputer is affected by the traditional social…

The term "underclass," which refers to the concentration of economic and behavioral problems among racial minorities (mainly Black and Hispanic) in large, older cities, accurately describes a real and new condition in the United States social structure. In a sense, the rise of the underclass is an effect of the success of American social…

This document contains a systematized inventory of the measures relating to the legal and social status of women adopted in various regional and world forums. The inventory was used to study the legal situation of Latin American and Caribbean women, defined according to the resolutions and mandates of the United Nations system. Organized by forum…

Factors that influence the length of time between receipt of the doctorate and award of tenure for college faculty were investigated. Data were collected from 293 responses to questionnaires returned by doctoral recipients from Stanford University, Yale University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Respondents had received doctorates…

An Entitlement Scale (ES) was developed to assess people's beliefs regarding their societal rights. The 35-item scale was administered to 174 subjects ranging in age from 19 to 83 and representing diverse occupational clusters. Four clear factors emerged reflecting distinct domains of entitlement beliefs: work life and education, individuality,…

An analysis was conducted to compare two national surveys of American youth and to examine the life goals and occupational aspirations of college students in 1978 and of those in 1983. Two national data sets were used in the analysis. Both are based on traditional multistage probability design. The first was the 1978 National Public Affairs Study,…

One of a series emanating from a three-year project concerned with the role of women in the English-speaking Caribbean, this publication examines women's work in the Caribbean. The project's purpose is to establish a data base for teaching, research, and planning purposes and to develop guidelines for a cohesive social policy that recognizes…

This study utilizes data analysis and field research, including three community conferences of Samoan leaders, service providers, and policymakers, to examine the size and nature of the Samoan communities in the United States, the economic structure of the migrant communities (including job training and experience, educational achievement, and…

Stepwise regression was used in 1986 and 1987 to determine the best predictor variables for predicting the percentage of students in the 113 Atlanta Public Schools scoring at or above the national norm in reading and mathematics on the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills/Tests of Achievement and Proficiency. Twenty elementary school, 16 middle school, and…