Utilizing census data on a stratified sample of 276 U.S. countries, the relationships between economic development and the levels of affluence and inequality in rural America (1950-70) were investigated via development of a macro-level affluence/inequality model. Variables examined were: demographic and social characteristics; income…

The aim of the research reported here was to describe dialect diversity in Appalachia (Monroe and Mercer Counties, West Virginia) and to examine the possible effect of this diversity on education. The present volume contains the first two parts of the report, the third being submitted separately. The first part includes chapters 1-5, the second…

To measure how Puerto Ricans classify each other into racial groups by physical appearance, a stimulus set of 60 color slides was prepared. Two hundred and fifty secondary students sorted these portraits into four, three, and finally two groups. Although subjects placed both the pictures and themselves in a color continuum of racial types with…

This study sought to test several hypotheses about race and social-class differences in beliefs, values, and social norms related to jobs and job-seeking behavior. A two to four hour interview was conducted by specially trained black and white male interviewers, who interviewed working-class and unemployed men of their own race. All subjects were…

Migration is generally conceptualized in terms of "streams" and "counterstreams." A stream is a group of migrants having a common origin and destination in a given migration period. The movement in the opposite direction is called its counterstream. The latter is usually the smaller of the two. A counterstream can be divided…

In a longitudinal study of a 1939-40 birth cohort of Michigan men, the educational, occupational, and earnings costs of discontinuous patterns of school attendance over the life cycle were examined. The intracohort analysis aimed to identify plausible causal antecedents and consequences of discontinuities in schooling in the context of the…

In an effort to improve understanding of possible racial differences in attainment levels and mobility attitudes, data derived from the 3rd wave of a 3 wave study of southern rural youth (1966, 1968, and 1972) was limited to analysis of 695 black and white males who were by 1972 four years beyond expected high school completion. Attainment…

The research reported here was supported by funds granted under the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act. Part 1, "Theoretical Vantage Points," includes discussions of economic disadvantagement, the culture of poverty, and poverty versus equality of opportunity. Part two, "Socialization and Learning," includes a discussion of the transmission of…

The hypothesis of this study is that there are no differences between urban and rural high school students. All the students in attendance in a rural (n=752) and an urban (n=1413) high school in Kentucky were given a questionnaire by homeroom teachers who had been instructed in its use. Comparisons of the sample were made by school location (rural…

The aim of this study was to assess the length of latencies or reaction times that it took for 15 teachers and prospective teachers to judge the degree of "ethnic-nonstandardness" or "confidence-eagerness" in a child's speech. A set of 2-minute video-tapes made from interviews with six 11 and 12 year old boys from six ethno-status groups--Black…

An experiment employing a 2x2x3 factorial design sought to determine the extent to which socially disadvantaged elementary school students' unfamiliarity with some terms in a verbal subsection of a group intelligence test may account for their relatively poor performance on such tests. Training was provided so as to attempt improvement in these…

This report is an overview of the most frequently recurring grammatical structures in the speech of ten-year-old to twelve-year-old black children from lower socioeconomic neighborhoods in Baltimore. The speech sample consists of three types of speech situations: playing games with peers, talking with an older white interviewer, and telling…

This study was designed to test the belief that severely handicapped children are comparatively unready to utilize vocational services at the time they leave school, because, in comparison with normal children, they have not been exposed to a variety of prevocational work experience in their formative years. The study sample comprised…

To identify differences and similarities among entering technician education students at four post-high school institutions, data were collected on personal and social background characteristics, socioeconomic background, and scholastic aptitude from 724 students. Researchers used two standardized instruments, the Nelson-Denny Reading Test and the…

The language patterns of low socioeconomic Negro, Spanish-surname, and Anglo children are sufficiently different from the middle class language patterns used in schools to put these children at a distinct educational disadvantage. By comparing the speech patterns of these children, this study sought to determine whether their language development…