Examined differences in a sample of 264 urban seventh graders in attributions for success and failure in mathematics between African-American and White students from low and high socioeconomic status. Conducted followup interviews with 12 students. Students from all groups provided similar ratings on attributions, although some racial and…

Data from the National Education Longitudinal Study, 1988-94, were used to examine career-related characteristics of rural and nonrural secondary students. The best predictors of transition status were occupational aspiration for college-bound youth, socioeconomic status (SES) for rural work-bound students, and SES and vocational education for…

A study examined the relationship among school, class, teacher, and student characteristics in Dutch elementary schools. Results of multilevel analysis of data from 7,410 eighth graders and 1,714 teachers in 567 schools found a consistent teaching approach irrelevant to achievement levels. Student socioethnic background seemed most important.…

Examined how family and parenting variables influenced late adolescents' educational expectations. Surveys of parents and students when students were high school seniors and two years beyond high school indicated that socioeconomic status most strongly related to educational expectations. Adolescents' perceptions of parents' personal involvement…

Considers human capital and economic organization perspectives in the analysis of patterns of employment and poverty among American Indians and Whites in Rosebud County, Montana. Uses an "embeddedness" approach involving ethnographic data and recent analyses of schooling to illuminate the role of local cultural knowledge and social…

Data on 3397 students from 28 high schools in the Western Australian School Effectiveness Study revealed that self-concept had a mitigating effect on student aspirations and achievement; urban students had higher aspirations and achievement than rural students, but similar self-concept; and classroom environment was a powerful determinant of…

Addresses the rift between black middle and upper classes and those in the so-called underclass, and suggests means for bridging this gap. The author argues that for conditions within the black community to improve, blacks must first take individual and collective responsibility for their destinies. Also explaines which positive,…

Outlines central elements of feminist family theory and reviews existing research on women's postdivorce economic status. Explores implications of challenging monolithic family conceptions; making gender a central analysis category; and expanding conceptualizations of women. Discusses suggestions for future research, refinement in theory, and…

Analyzes the impact of recent economic changes accompanying the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) and ongoing cultural styles on the aged in Nigeria. Compared to younger generations, the relative position of the elderly has not changed significantly, although the latter's position has deteriorated on dimensions such as…

Uses health and openness metaphors to develop measures of organizational climate in a study of 86 middle schools. In addition to socioeconomic status, other aspects of school climate that significantly influence student achievement in basic skills are environmental press, collegial leadership, teacher professionalism, and academic press. Moreover,…

Argues that test score rankings provide little information about educational quality because countries differ substantially in factors such as student selectivity, curriculum emphasis, and the proportion of low-income students in the test-taking population. (DDR)

A 2-year study of 92 inner-city African American first-graders examined aggressive behavior patterns in relation to individual behavioral profiles, peer affiliations, and classroom social positions. Analysis uncovered considerable heterogeneity in relationships among overt aggression, popularity, and social network centrality. Two subsets of…

Investigated effects of divorce and family relations on young children's development in ethnically diverse low-income families. Found that soon-to-be-divorced families demonstrated higher rates of preschool-age behavior problems, and already-divorced families showed similar trends. Parental conflict and behavior problems accounted for pre-divorce…

This study examined factors associated with relative stability of peer rejection among elementary school-aged children. Results of prospective and retrospective analyses suggested that perceived social status, participation in extracurricular activities, locus of control, and parental monitoring were all positively related to status improvement…

Discusses the role of librarians in not only providing but also creating resources to fit users' information needs and describes the development of a Web-based statistical abstract called "Colorado by the Numbers" that was developed at the University of Colorado at Boulder library to provide state socioeconomic data. (LRW)