It is clear that educational aspiration and parental influence have a significant bearing on the success of opportunity-program students. The phenomena and mechanisms of the variables examined here point to a clearer understanding of ways in which they seem to manifest themselves in the college experience of the student. (Author)

This study investigates the relative influences of parents, peers, and partners on the contraceptive use of college men and women. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by a nonprobability, purposive sample of 434 never-married, sexually active males and females between the ages of 17 and 22 years. (Author)

Reviews Bell and Ainsworth's 1972 study and suggests that their main conclusion, that maternal responding implied a reduction in infant crying, was not supported by their data. (JMB)

Cites evidence from the Bell-Ainsworth paper and from other studies which supports the interpretation that Gewirtz and Boyd claims was unjustified. (JMB)

Two studies, one with two- to three-month-olds and one with six- to eight-month-olds, examined infant preferences for attractive faces. A visual preference technique was used. Infants were shown slides of faces of adult women previously rated for attractiveness. When shown pairs of attractive and unattractive faces, older and younger infants…

A study compared intelligence scores of three groups of Israeli deaf children--23 with deaf parents/deaf siblings and manual communication (DpDs), 76 with hearing parents/deaf siblings, and 144 with hearing parents and siblings. The DpDs children were superior to other deaf children and comparable to hearing children on most intelligence measures.…

Studied were the responses of infants to new toys presented with either positive, negative, or neutral affective displays by mothers. Responses to stimulus toys were compared with responses to free play toys. Maternal displays influenced responses only to stimulus toys. (PCB)

Surveyed high school students (N=256) in Sacramento, California. Found that 35.1 percent had experienced some form of abuse in their dating relationships. Explored the severity of the violence and its intergenerational component. (Author/ABB)

The sustained altruism of volunteers at a telephone crisis-counseling agency was examined. The rate of sustained altruism of normative volunteers in highly cohesive training groups was increased to a level comparable to that of autonomous volunteers, while the altruism of autonomous volunteers was not affected by the training group experience.…

Examines reasons for failure of formal sex education programs to promote responsible sexual behavior among teenagers and reviews literature on the influence of informal sources of sexual socialization, especially television. Concludes that educators and parents must consider the importance of informal sources of sexual learning in order to promote…

Examined the relationship between racial attitudes of 100 Black and 100 White pairs of fathers and sons who indicated their racial attitudes on a questionnaire. Findings indicated a relationship between father and son attitudes in the White sample, but Black families appear less influential in socialization. (BH)

Analysis of articulation and stress patterns of five young (18-30 months of age) hearing children of deaf parents revealed that phonological processes used most frequently were those identified as common processes among children from hearing homes. None of the children adopted, with any frequency, the less typical productions found in their…

The first demonstration of the voucher concept took place at Alum Rock Union School District in San Jose, California. Describes the School District's first year experience with vouchers. (JF)