Reviews the research literature on children's experience of the restructuring of the family following divorce. The effects of divorce are organized according to differences observed as a function of the child's age and gender, parental conflict, post-divorce family stability, and parent-child relationships. Conflict reducing custody arrangements…

A study on the political consciousness of family groups in Warsaw confirms that current political events may be an important agent of political socialization. The rise of Solidarity and other events of 1980-81 influenced, in different ways, the perception of social differentiations among teenagers and their parents. (Author/CS)

Investigates whether natural code switching talk takes an observable amount of time (in comparison with unilingual speech); discusses some major studies of the topic and compares their results with switching times determined for a Spanish-English bilingual in spontaneous code switching; discusses implications in relation to issues in bilingualism…

This study determined multivariate relationships of the impression cues of attractiveness and effort with teacher expectations and dyadic interaction in two groups of elementary school children. (Author/JMK)

For 404 community college students differentiated by sex, ethnicity, and types of educational majors, an estimate of the concurrent validity of each of two predictor measures (locus of control and sex-role orientation) was obtained relative to a criterion measure portraying the fear of success construct. (Author/PN)

Presents evidence from the Seattle Longitudinal Study to show that cognitive style and other lifestyle variables in middle life can predict part of the individual differences in ability decline in old age. High performance on fluid abilities and on motor-cognitive flexibility, an engaged lifestyle, and the absence of family dissolution at middle…

How school enrollment and enlistment in the armed forces affect the probabilities of employment for American men between the ages of 16 and 29 was examined by this research study. It was found that approximately 80 percent of employment growth with age can be attributed to these two factors. (Author/RM)

This paper proposes a method to measure and understand prereader listening comprehension skills. The listening span test taxes storage and processing functions of working memory. Used in two experiments with 44 preschoolers, this test had greater predictive and theoretical value than both the traditional word span measure and the age variable.…

Evaluates fourth-to seventh-grade children on two aspects of social cognition: interpersonal understanding and means-ends problem-solving ability. Relates the two variables to sex, age, IQ, social class, and multiple dimensions of competence. Both variables significantly correlated with I.Q. while interpersonal understanding also correlated with…

Males (N=15) and females (N=15) in three age groups (children, adolescents, and adults) described a stimulus photograph for up to five minutes. These descriptions were transcribed and scored for frequency of language form and content. Analyses revealed significant sex differences in the form and content of spoken language. (BH)

Reports a longitudinal study comparing the differential influence of stress on the interpersonal relationships of 101 representative rural and urban families. Notes that high stress rates adversely affected rural, but not urban, intrafamilial interaction, and affected young families more than older ones. Notes implications for mental health and…

This study examined the relationship of childrens' racial prejudice to child's race, interracial contact, grade, sex, intelligence, locus of control, anxiety, and self-concept. Five facets of racial prejudice were examined: a total index of racial prejudice, dating and marriage, school, social relationships, and racial interactions in restaurants.…

A study examined student engaged and nonengaged behavior in mathematics class during various types of instructional activities and at different age levels. Third- and fifth-grade students spent more time on seatwork, while seventh-grade students had more teacher-led activities. As grade level increased, student engagement decreased. (Author/PP)

Age differences in attitudes toward aging were investigated as a function of three-hour training program with 322 women (18-74 years) from various geriatric health care and social service contexts. Results indicated few instances of unfavorable attitudes toward aging in any age group. (Author)

Discusses child care in Europe in terms of school age entry priorities, family day care, staffing, major goals of child care programs and trends. Stresses the importance of viewing comparative education with objectivity. (MS)