Compared secondary school students who used cocaine (N=411) or crack (N=156). Found that crack users were younger than cocaine users, made poorer grades, were more depressed, and were more likely alienated from family and friends. Crack and cocaine users were equally unlikely to confide in anyone in their school if they had drinking or drug…

Analyzes the time children of different ages, sex, and proficiency levels spent on various compositional processes while creating a melody. Suggests that the amount of time used for exploration, development, repetition, and silence has an effect on the subject's ability to replicate the melody. Finds developmental differences in strategies for…

This study of 852 subjects in Barcelona (Spain) between 4 and 9 years old estimated the degree of consistency among elements of the Borelli-Oleron Performance Scale by taking into account item clusters and subtest clusters. The internal consistency of the subtests rose when all ages were analyzed jointly. (SLD)

Compared developmental and historical influences in career aspirations of college women using longitudinal and cross-sectional data. Hypothesized that no response differences exist between older survey group (N=74) and younger group (N=255) when college freshman responses were compared (developmental), nor between survey respondents in 198l and…

Subjects were first, third and fifth graders of high, low, and average status who were observed during recess. Results suggested the need for additional consideration of contextual factors for a more complete understanding of the entry process. Prior findings from laboratory analogue research appeared to replicate in naturalistic conditions. (RH)

Explored agreement in occupational field between adolescents' career aspirations and expectations and influence of gender, grade in school, and locus of control on amount of agreement. Results from 500 secondary school students revealed little agreement in occupational field between career aspiration and expectation, and also indicated no grade,…

Using a cohort-sequential design, identifies period, age, and class effects influencing the use of 12 different classes of drugs, both licit and illicit, by American youth aged 18 to 28 who were surveyed annually between 1976 and 1986. (Author/BJV)

Findings confirm that children discriminate anger from other background emotions. Children's history of exposure to conflict between parents influences the emotional reactions they have and coping strategies they use when faced with anger between others. Children from violent marriages showed solicitous behavior toward their mothers. (RH)

Elementary school teachers (N=108) completed Teacher Assessment of Self-Control Skills on their students; Teacher Self-Control Rating Scale and Teacher-Child Rating Scale for four students. Found significant relationships between self-controlling skills and ratings of self-control and adjustment in upper grades; significant differences in level of…

Investigated relationship between academic achievement and locus of control among 643 elementary school students. Found no main effects for gender or race. Observed significant main effect for condition (at-risk versus not-at-risk), with at-risk students being more externally oriented. Found significant effect for grade, trend being for grade…

Explores the factors associated with expected outcome of emotional expression and likelihood of expression among 125 first-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children. Results suggest that socialization practices tend to be directed towards the suppression of sadness among males. (RJC)

Examines the effects of psychological counseling style and status configuration on Koreans' perception of counselor performance. Findings were significant for the effect of counseling style only. Suggestions for further research on status configuration are discussed. (FMW)

A survey of 136 high-school physical educators found that perceived teacher competence significantly influenced the educators' attitudes toward teaching students with handicaps. No relation was found between the attitudes of physical educators and: gender, age, courses about students with handicaps, degree earned, or experience teaching students…

Several exclusionary discipline practices used with handicapped learners are described. A survey of 253 principals identified the variability of disciplinary practices, as a function of geographic region, community size, principal's sex and years of experience, grade level, differential rules for handicapped and nonhandicapped students, and types…

Forty-three preservice teachers in programs for hearing-impaired students were studied to determine the effects of age, sex, and computer experience on their attitudes toward computers. Measurements of computer anxiety, confidence, and liking indicated that computer experience corresponded with positive computer attitudes; age and sex had no…