Three approaches to speech therapy for children who stutter are proposed, reflecting differences in the type and degree of parent involvement required for different age groups. The first approach considers parent-child interaction skills as a basis for facilitating development of fluency skills in young children. Intensive group therapy programs…

Factors influencing the job search outcomes of 1,353 Finnish individuals with disabilities were studied, focusing on age, gender, domicile, basic education, vocational training, and type of disability. Results showed that age, education, and domicile influenced outcomes, and labor market status was to some extent gender specific. (JDD)

Assessed the beliefs of first, third, and fifth graders about their ability and achievement and their motivational responses to challenging puzzles. Suggests that individual differences in children's cognition about ability and achievement are related to their motivational responses throughout the school years. Points out ways that these…

Two studies explored preschool, second-, and fifth-grade children's moral and dispositional judgments as influenced by an actor's efforts. Findings indicated that older children's judgments and predictions reflected coordination of the actor's effort with information about the actor's anticipated goal. Preschool children focused more on the…

A three-day experiment set up by an early childhood teacher explored Piaget's view that children younger than age eight lack ability to take another's point of view. The experiment focused on a bear, the class mascot, and observations of children's empathetic behavior toward its "injury." Age-related differences in the children's…

The self-actualization and self-concept of 368 intellectually gifted students in grades 4 through 12 were investigated using the Reflections of Self by Youth (ROSY), the Maslowian Scale, and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. On the ROSY, the mean for high-school students was higher than for the elementary or junior-high students, and…

This study of the effects of child age (20 and 40 months) and level of developmental delay (mild and severe) on identification of developmental disorders by 155 family practice physicians provided evidence that identification of developmental delay was generally high across conditions, with mild delay being less likely to be detected. (Author/JDD)

Surveyed 99 Anglo-Argentine students aged 10 through 18 at five Spanish-English bilingual schools in Buenos Aires about their language attitudes and usage. It found that, despite the prestige of the English language, Spanish had become the dominant language for most. Age and place of residency in Buenos Aires also had a significant effect on…

Development of ambulation was studied with 1,744 children, ages 3 to 10, with moderate to profound mental retardation. Although the probability of improvement declined with age, some improvements in basic skills did occur far past the normative age for development of speech and ambulation, across all levels of mental retardation. (Author/DB)

Examined the differences between linguistic-cognitive ability and language performance in a sample of 172 preschool and kindergarten children from 3 sociocultural locations (urban, working class, and rural) in Greece. Linguistic-cognitive abilities were found to have no influence on verbal interaction and production. Sociocultural influences did…

Methodological issues in geropsychological assessment research are discussed and illustrated through recent investigations. Cross-sectional studies are needed to extend and diversify age norms, and short-term longitudinal studies should be planned to assess the predictive validity of test outcomes and diagnostic profiles of older adults. (SLD)

This study examined young children's sensitivity and positive responsiveness to their mothers' needs, using data on 90 preschoolers and their depressed and nondepressed mothers. The highest frequencies of caring behavior were from children with severely depressed mothers, problems in affect regulation, and secure attachment. Girls were found to be…

The concept of fractional number was studied with 10- to 12-year-old and 13- to 16-year-old students who were deaf and hard of hearing (n=21) and comparison groups of hearing students (n=26). The deaf and hard-of-hearing students achieved similarly to younger hearing students in overall performance by fraction type and problem solving strategies.…

Investigated effects of object reinstatement on event recall by 6- and 9-year olds'. Subjects were interviewed either 10 days and again 10 weeks after an event, or only 10 weeks after an event. Interviewing included free recall, prompts, and questions. Found that age, delay, and object reinstatement all affected amount and accuracy of recall. (JW)

The types of help students sought while solving mathematics problems under the tutelage of an adult were studied for 118 3rd and 6th graders classified as high, medium, and low achievers. Sixth graders were more likely to ask for process-related hints. Other age and ability differences are discussed. (SLD)