Encounter group participants were divided into four categories: high social anxiety/high risk taking propensity, high anxiety/low risk, low anxiety/high risk, and low anxiety/low risk. Two participants from each category were placed in each group. Results indicated high risk takers were seen as more verbally active, self-disclosing, and risk…

Subjects (N = 81) were tested, divided into high-, medium-, and low-level thinkers, and randomly assigned as clients to behavior counseling or to a control interview. Results for the most part indicated that level of cognitive functioning does not influence a client's reaction to counseling. (Author)

In the present study, students were able to correctly assess the triviality of generalized interpretations when asked to make that judgment. Thus, the student or client can provide valuable feedback to the clinician about his or her personality interpretations if the proper questions are asked. (Author)

This paper concentrates on the erotic aspects of the interaction between cotherapists. This includes the nonrational but healthy sexual attraction that can influence the functioning of the therapeutic team. Increased sexual tensions may adversely affect the therapeutic relationship. Methods of dealing with these matters are presented. (Author)

Compared the Marital Interaction Coding System (MICS) and the Communication Skills Test (CST) to determine the similarities and differences in the assessment data obtained from these observational measures. Coded videotaped marital conflict-resolution discussions of married couples with both systems. Husband-wife and distressed and nondistressed…

Two social psychological theories--similarity theory and equity theory--are employed to elucidate the relationship between group members' abilities and group performance on tasks involving high levels of interdependence. Contrasting hypotheses are drawn regarding specific ability compositions that should evoke performance above or below the simple…

Research on characteristics of Down Syndrome infants affecting the interaction between mother and child is reviewed. Differences in the development of the social communication behaviors of state control (sleep and awake); gaze patterns; coordination of gesture, gaze, and vocalization; and frequency of vocalization have implications for parental…

Supports the hypothesis that preschool children produce more private speech during problem solving after they have interacted with a collaborative adult (experienced by them as a competent helper) than after they have interacted with a non-collaborative adult. Conceptualizes private speech both as a reaction to the task and as an indirect appeal…

This study attempted to determine the effects of students' motor ability level on teacher expectations and dyadic interactions within individual, competitive, and cooperative instructional settings in elementary physical education classes. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Episodes of children's crying and children's and teachers' responses to crying were observed in natural preschool settings using an event-sampling technique. Narrative descriptions of the episodes were coded as to cause of crying, teacher response, peer response, and context. (Author/NH)

Presents results from two studies of how lower-back-pain patients communicate to health care providers. Suggests specific directions for future research. (MS)

Investigates the relative and interactive effects of rater-, and ratee-, relationship-, situational-, and group-level contingencies on peer assessments of open communication. Results suggest that, given certain procedural conditions, peer assessments are highly reliable and valid. Rater bias accounted for a relatively small amount of rating…

Studied the influence of counselor and client sex on relational communication patterns in counseling within a systems theory framework using audiotaped intake interviews of 36 counselors. Both counselor sex and and client sex were significant factors in participants' perceptions of each other during the intake. (JAC)

Analyzes language teaching and learning as it transpires during the course of verbal interaction in the home. (DF)

Presents findings of a study which examined the reactions of different family members to various social behaviors by a target child to determine what are the most probable consequences that child will experience. Discusses implications of results for understanding normative family interactions and clinical intervention. (KH)