This book traces the historical development of current attitudes toward language usage and, by examples and quotations, shows the steps in attitude change, including the creation and abandonment of rules. The book is based on the premise that standard English usage is open to different interpretations, and supports this premise with references to…

This study explored whether statistically significant differences exist between the (1) grammatical structures produced by high, average, and low black, inner-city elementary readers as measured by a language competency task; and (2) whether statistically significant interactions occur between reading achievement levels and the age of the child,…

This paper concerns the question of linguistic deficiency in the bilingual setting. The author believes that language is a uniquely human phenomenon developing mainly in response to maturation in the midst of confusing linguistic input, varying in style and language according to situation. However, there seems to be no reason to expect the…

This programmed workbook is designed for use with the introductory reader for the beginning audiolingual Latin course. The workbook allows the student to work without direct teacher aid, to work and review at his own speed, to correct answers immediately, and to pursue good independent study habits. Like the reader, the workbook is structured by…

A method is proposed in which nondefined Chinese characters may be uniquely classified thus making them compatible for machine translation. An optical-digital device is used to locate nondefined geometric shapes within Chinese characters via spatial filtering techniques and cyclic cross-correlation. Seventeen nondefined geometric shapes are found…

To explore some of the ways in which notions of grammaticality reflected in secondary English language textbook series affect a student's acquisition of standard English and his attitude toward language, (1) statements which authors of widely-used textbooks made about standard English and why it is taught in the schools were compared with comments…

This paper examines the semantic and structural characteristics of a basic pattern in English and discusses Spanish equivalents. A sentence-by-sentence analysis is made with consideration of transformations on the basic patterns in both languages. Translation and transformation complications in the two languages are illustrated. The equivalence…

Departing from Baconian science which focuses on explanation of the occurrence of events, Chomsky's linguistics involves a different orientation--namely the explanation of form to account for linguistic behavior. The "knowledge" upon which linguistic judgements are based involves the premise of innate mechanisms. The assumption that speakers and…

Two lower socioeconomic groups (one black and one white) from the inner city and a third group of white children from a middle socioeconomic suburban area of Chicago were studied to delineate and compare the usage of selected language structures among children of different social and ethnic backgrounds. Usage of each of the test structures was…

FACETS OF GRAMMAR INTRODUCED BEFORE THE 10TH GRADE WERE FURTHER EXPLAINED AND AMPLIFIED IN THIS GUIDE FOR TEACHERS OF 10TH-GRADE ENGLISH. IN ADDITION, PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES WERE INTRODUCED, AND A REVIEW SECTION WAS INCLUDED. WHILE ADMITTING TO THE COMPLEXITY OF SOME SECTIONS, ESPECIALLY THOSE WHICH DEALT WITH COMPLEMENTS, THE GUIDE SUGGESTED…

REWRITE OR PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES AND TRANSFORMATION RULES OF GRAMMAR WERE FEATURED IN THIS STUDENT VERSION GRAMMAR GUIDE. THE PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES DEFINED WAYS TO REWRITE OR SUBSTITUTE ONE SYMBOL FOR ANOTHER UNTIL AN UNDERLYING, OR KERNEL, SENTENCE IS FORMED. THE TRANSFORMATION RULES DESCRIBED THE WAYS THAT THESE KERNEL SENTENCES COULD BE…

An overconcern with the niceties of usage can undercut English teachers' efforts to eliminate public doublespeak. (JH)

A report on a study exploring the relationship between observed variability in second-language speech and the process in which correct variants are acquired and incorrect ones are replaced. Three phonological variables in the English speech of French-Canadian second-language speakers in Montreal were investigated. The method, results and…

Inner city teachers who had received special inservice training had significantly different attitudes toward nonstandard black dialects than did other inner city teachers. (Ed.)

Sample sentence-combining lessons developed to accompany the first-year A-LM German textbook are presented. The exercises are designed for language manipulation practice; they involve breaking down more complex sentences into simpler sentences and the subsequent recombination into complex sentences. All language skills, and particularly writing,…