The effects of instructional variables and individual differences upon structural learning tasks were studied. Eighty college students were given pretasks to test mathematical problem solving and paired-associate (PA) learning skills. Each subject was then given two PA learning tasks presented in a study-test format. Kinship terms served as…

Language development in preschool children was studied using pairs of pictures with three types of verbal elaboration formed for each pair. After a training trial thirty children listened to one of three types of elaboration (simple sentence, compound or complex sentence, and paragraph). They were asked to name the corresponding response item.…

To provide a further test of the paired-associate analogy to retroactive inhibition in free recall, this experiment investigated the effect of presenting both original learning (OL) and interpolated learning (IL) in either blocked category (B) or random (R) fashion. IL-OL Similar (S), IL-OL Different (D), and control (C) conditions were included.…

The purpose of this study was to determine if stimuli of high potential imagery (pictures) would be less subject to negative transfer than stimuli of lower potential imagery (concrete words). (Editor)

Four experiments are reported which employ a recall-reaction time paradigm. The experiments are designed to establish the baseline effects in the paradigm, determine which of these effects should be attributed to the retrieval stage of processing and investigate the effect of semantic memory in this task. (Author/DEP)

Ninety fourth-graders were assessed as either high or low test anxious and randomly assigned to one of three treatments. After treatment, students were tested on a paired associate learning task and a second anxiety measure. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

The application of nominally identical transfer paradigms within short- and long-term memory contexts may, for whatever reason, yield strikingly different outcomes. (Author)

Two techniques of anxiety reduction are studied singly and in combination: rapid repetition of words and paired-associate learning. Paired-associate learning with Counteracting Response Associates yielded the best long-term reduction in response anxiety, which suggests the potential application of this technique in therapy. (Authors/CB)

Two experiments were designed to detect frustration phenomena hitherto only observed in subhuman animals, frustration being defined as the omission of the response item after a correct anticipation in a partial reinforcement schedule. (Authors)

A 90-item two-choice discrimination test was given to 26 institutionalized mentally retarded children. (Author)

The primary objective of the research reported in this paper was to examine the relationship between early formal school experiences and the development of certain learning and memory processes. (Author)