Form and function of reinforcement is discussed with attention to the focus for feedback. Case studies of five junior high schools provide data and field notes for a tentative analysis of the determinants of reinforcement including organizational factors and types of computer assisted instruction applications. (Author/MBR)

Describes several hands-on science activities which focus on the use of apples. Suggests several ways of using apples to teach classification. Proposes a field trip to an orchard as a culminating activity. (TW)

Discusses the acquisition, cataloging, and servicing of international, intergovernmental organization (IGO) materials and describes the collections and services of the Library of Congress and other Washington based agencies. The importance of IGO documentation in microform and the need for education on international documents are stressed. (CLB)

Articles highlight National Endowment for the Humanities Support for United States Newspaper Program; coordination of cataloging practices; on-site cataloging; Pennsylvania Newspaper Project; Newspaper Cataloging Manual and Anglo American Cataloging Rules (AACR2); national policy for cataloging microform reproductions; and intended audience terms.…

Kindergarten, fourth-grade, and tenth-grade subjects were shown pictures representing combinations of high and low inter-item association and high and low category relatedness. Results support a hypothesis that young children cluster in recall as a function of associations while older individuals show organizational flexibility which serves to…

Reports two experiments showing a possible developmental shift from memory organization based on associative criteria to an organization based on categorical criteria. Children in first, fourth, and seventh grades were given a sort/recall task with items that could be organized into groups of categorical or associative pairs. (Author/CB)

Assessed through two studies the organization and basis for preschool children's (n=240) and adults' (n=60) categorization of emotions. In one, children and adults chose facial expressions that exemplify emotion categories such as fear, anger, and happiness. In another they grouped emotions differing in arousal level or pleasure-displeasure…

A typology of classroom exercises according to the functions they serve in teaching textual and discourse competence and focusing more on the text than on the sentence is proposed. (MSE)

Advocates heterogeneous grouping and cites research indicating that it will be more beneficial to students than homogeneous grouping by ability. (DF)

Presents typology of online search heuristics consisting of six main classes: philosophical attitudes and overall approach; language of problem description; record and file structure; concept formulation and reformulation; recall and precision; and cost efficiency. Heuristics in each of the six classes are listed and selected examples are briefly…

Describes an approach which helps sixth-grade students become excited about word problems. By using the approach (which involves categorizing a problem before solving it), students master skills in the problem and also develop more positive attitudes toward solving problems. The approach is equally applicable to any intermediate/junior high grade…

A 700-volume specialized library was organized at average cost per title of less than $1.50 despite lack of personnel and limited funds. A plan was developed to classify titles using Library of Congress and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), and a cataloging service was located to produce card sets and book labels. (EJS)

Reaffirms the relationship between classification and reading and supports the emphasis on the substrata factor theory on classification and superordination in particular. (FL)

Offers suggestions for activities in which local weeds and wildflowers are used to study a variety of topics. These topics include classification, ecological succession, and mapping. Also lists the types of experiments students can perform with these plants. (JN)

High school students' subject preferences in 30 Australian schools, examined with Holland's typology of persons and environments, showed data consistent with Holland's model, suggesting a strong association between interest in school subjects and occupational interest as well as an empirical basis for classifying school subjects in terms of…