Stress is a potent modulator of brain function and particularly mnemonic processes. While chronic stress is associated with long-term deficits in memory, the effects of acute stress on mnemonic functions are less clear as previous reports have been inconsistent. Some studies suggest that cortisol, a stress hormone that modulates biological changes…

How do we assess what we remember? Previous work on metacognition suggests that confidence judgments are more accurate when given after than before a response to a perceptual task. Here we present two experiments that investigate the influence of decision and response on metacognitive accuracy in a memory task so as to establish what kind of…

Animals of many species are capable of "small data" learning, that is, of learning without repetition. Here we introduce larval "Drosophila melanogaster" as a relatively simple study case for such one-trial learning. Using odor-food associative conditioning, we first show that a sugar that is both sweet and nutritious…

Virtue theorists commonly assert that significant moral change, such as the cultivation of a virtue or the elimination of a vice, can only occur over a prolonged period of time. Many scholars who make this claim also accept the comparison between virtues and skills. In this article I argue that if one accepts the comparison between virtues and…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the information-processing strategies of early-implanted, prelingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users with the California Verbal Learning Test--Second Edition (CVLT-II; Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 2000), a well-established normed measure of verbal learning and memory used in…

The testing effect occurs when students, given information to learn and then practice during a test, perform better on a subsequent content post-test than students who restudy the information as a substitute for the practice test. The effect is often weaker or reversed if immediate rather than delayed post-tests are used. The weakening may be due…

Twenty-seven autistic children and 32 typically developing (TD) peers were questioned about an experienced event after a two-week delay and again after a two-month delay, using the Revised National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Investigative Interview Protocol. Recall prompts elicited more detailed and more accurate…

Mental models are one form of ideas in the minds of individuals that can be used to describe, explain and predict a particular phenomenon. The pre-initial form of individual mental models can be seen from information held by children stored in their long-term memory before they are confronted with a particular concept. The purpose of this study…

The purpose of current research is to study the effect of knowledge sharing on the psychological empowerment of faculty members considering the intermediary (mediating) role of organizational memory in Semnan University. To study research variables, three standard questionnaires were distributed among 334 faculty members of the studied sample.…

To test the hypothesis that drugs of abuse and their conditioned stimuli (CSs) enhance memory consolidation, the effects of post-training exposure to cocaine and nicotine were compared to the effects of post-training exposure to contextual stimuli that were paired with the effects of these drugs. Using the object recognition (OR) task, it was…

'Dis-identifications from dominant models of subject-formation can be productive and creative' (Braidotti 2013, 167). This problematises applied theatre practices informed by received understandings of dementia, and their implications for memory and identity. "Forgotten Futures"(2017) and "Never-Ending Story" (2016-ongoing)…

Walking by those living with dementia is often pathologically labelled 'wandering', an act lacking a clear purpose or destination. Walking in this context is not widely understood or valued, except as physical exercise. Drawing on walking performances by other artists and the author's own arts-based research, during which she walked outdoors and…

Music reading is a central part of most band programs, yet research about music reading has rarely included articulation markings. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of four experimental practice conditions to a control condition on woodwind players' performance of slur, accent, and staccato markings. A secondary purpose was to…

The studies in the literature show that all learners may not benefit from hypermedia learning systems in the same way as a result of their individual differences. Learners with different individual characteristic may display different navigational pattern and they may encounter different problems in the hypermedia learning system. The aim of the…

Following several calls in recent scholarship for increased attention to the study of the Central American diaspora in the United States, this article offers readings of Honduran-born author Roberto Quesada's novels "Big Banana" (1999) and "Nunca entres por Miami" (2003). Written in New York City, where he has resided since…