Considers whether critical thinking can be trained with computer-based instruction. Reviews literature on the effects of cognitive tools, collaborative computer-supported environments, computer simulations, and logic software on critical thinking, and reports on two experimental studies at the University of Erfurt that instructed undergraduates in…

A logistic regression model for characterizing differential item functioning (DIF) between two groups is presented. A distinction is drawn between uniform and nonuniform DIF in terms of model parameters. A statistic for testing the hypotheses of no DIF is developed, and simulation studies compare it with the Mantel-Haenszel procedure. (Author/TJH)

Notes that not having anything to say is a major hurdle in the writing process at the middle school level. Describes two common classroom experiences, based on the software programs "GeoWorld" and "Food for Thought," that enable all students to acquire and share information together. (RS)

Describes a computer simulation designed to examine secondary school students' strategies in solving a physics problem involving the velocity of a rocket. Students' beliefs about dynamics are discussed, use of the LOGO programing language to explore the idea of velocity is described, and ways in which simulations can support teachers' diagnostic…

Describes an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) that demonstrates how intelligent feedback can enhance conventional simulation-based training. An explanation is given of the Intelligent Conduct of Fire Trainer (INCOFT), which was designed to provide training exercises for soldiers operating the PATRIOT missile system, and its implications for…

Discusses making a computer-simulated rainbow using principles of physics, such as reflection and refraction. Provides BASIC program for the simulation. Appends a program illustrating the effects of dispersion of the colors. (YP)

This study showed that the Elementary Perceiver and Memorizer (EPAM) can explain letter recognition phenomena earlier simulated by the connectionist Interactive Activation Model of word perception. EAPM, a model of learning and recognition in the form of a computer program, has previously explained many aspects of learning and perception. (TJH)

Discusses how a spreadsheet might be used in an introductory physics laboratory. Describes three categories of spreadsheet uses, advantages of spreadsheet, layout, accuracy, and modifications. Gives an example of the variable mass rocket problem with typical display. (YP)

Describes the use of a simulated learning environment (SLE) as an instructional aid in teaching multivariate statistics, particularly inferential statistics. A prototype microcomputer-based SLE called MVWORLD developed at Drexel University for upper level statistics courses is explained, and implementing a statistics laboratory for multivariate…

Discussion of the development of simulation and games for education focuses on future growth in educational, business, and entertainment applications that will be made possible through personal computers and other electronic tools. Highlights include the importance of participation; interactive programs; authoring programs; the design process; and…

Description of computer-based simulations focuses on the instructional functions of simulations and phases in the learning processes that should be activated by educational simulations. Highlights include a general model for simulation design; degree of learner control; complexity of the content; the role of the learner; and motivational…

Discussion of the use of simulations to teach international relations (IR) highlights the Chinese House Game, a computer-based decision-making game based on Inter Nation Simulation (INS). Topics discussed include the increasing role of artificial intelligence in IR simulations, multi-disciplinary approaches, and the direction of IR as a…

Computer simulation with artificial intelligence and discovery learning was used by 31 industrial technology students. Compared to 27 controls, simulation enabled students to recognize applications of new technology and the knowledge and skills needed. No differences appeared in field dependence/independence, so recognition was not a function of…

Discusses the development of an abstract model for hypermedia test guides. The model uses an object-oriented approach and is built on the declarative foundation of first-order logic. This method produces a model that is easy to construct and extends to cover new media technology. (Contains 27 references.) (JLB)

Discussion of how to teach thinking and problem-solving skills focuses on a study of seventh graders that attempted to convey expertlike behavior using LEGOLogo to explain how a washing machine operates. Topics addressed include concept representation and mental models; cognitive apprenticeship; and LEGOTClogo as a learning environment. (Contains…