This book provides the first comprehensive overview of young children's language learning in pre-primary and primary education. It collates research to date on language development and pedagogy among children learning a language in addition to their home language(s) in instructional settings, providing readers with a thorough understanding of the…

The CoI framework, widely recognized as a leading theoretical model for constructivist-based technology-enhanced learning, has attracted increasing attention from researchers. The abrupt shutdown caused by the pandemic has increased this interest by shifting traditional teaching to online instruction globally, even until now. Scholars in TESL/TEFL…

This report provides an in-depth comparison of TOEFL iBT® and the Duolingo English Test (DET) in terms of the degree to which both tests assess academic language proficiency in listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The analysis is based on publicly available documentation on both tests, including sample test questions available on the test…

Gender gaps in students' foreign language proficiency self-assessment can negatively impact their educational careers and position in the labour market. We investigated how female and male students self-assess their English as a foreign language (EFL) proficiency in comparison to their EFL test scores. We further examined the potential…

This study examines the pooled effects of Education Endowment Foundation (EEF)-funded trials on literacy and mathematics attainment outcomes for pupils with English as an Additional Language (EAL), focusing on their time since arrival (TSA) into the United Kingdom (UK) schooling system. In general, EAL pupils are a highly diverse group, and as…

The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has raised significant questions about its pedagogical value, especially in language learning. This meta-analysis examines the extent to which AI contributes to the development of English-speaking and listening skills. A systematic review of the literature was conducted by the…

With the continuous progress of educational technology, personalized teaching has become a key way to improve teaching quality. In view of the current situation that English teaching content lacks personalization and interactivity, this paper proposes a personalized English teaching content generation system based on neural network (NN). The…

UNESCO (2023) has called for educators to use pedagogical approaches that prioritize human agency and a responsible interaction between humans and generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). The present study, therefore, sought to design and implement an innovative 5-stage GenAI-based project with Sports Science English for Specific Purposes (ESP)…

Despite the increasing use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools among students, limited research has examined the underlying mechanisms guiding their adoption in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. Drawing on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) and self-determination theory (SDT), this study…

Globalization has increased the demand for English proficiency and intercultural competence. However, English instruction in Indonesia often focuses on grammar and vocabulary, with limited emphasis on cultural understanding. Although AI tools are commonly used to support language learning, their potential to promote intercultural learning remains…

The present study aims to explore the knowledge level and preferences regarding vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) among the EFL university students studying English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses. It also investigates the impact of vocabulary learning strategies on EFL learners' performance. A sample of twenty students from an intact…

Research on integrated writing tasks is increasing, while there is a paucity of empirical findings on graph-based writing, as one type of these tasks. The present study purports to examine the contribution of L2 writing anxiety to university students' graph writing performance and the strategies they employ for these tasks. The participants of…

One feature of Spanish that presents some difficulties to second language (L2) learners whose first language (L1) is English concerns lexical stress. This study explores one aspect of the obstacle these learners face, weak phonological processing routines concerning stress inherited from their native language. Participants were L1 English L2…

In two visual priming experiments, we investigated the relation of form-identical word forms with different grammatical functions in L1 and L2 German. Four different grammatical types (inflected verbs, infinitives, deverbal conversion forms, and countable nouns) were used as primes and their influence on the processing of form-identical inflected…

Critical Discourse Studies (CDS) has increasingly served to examine the content of textbooks. Given momentum by critical social inquiry pertaining to textbook content, this study looks at peer-reviewed literature drawn from three scholarly databases (JSTOR, ERIC, and SAGE; cross-referenced with searches on Google Scholar) that use CDS for those…