In the past four decades, it is interesting to note that the issue of gender diversity management (GDM) in education has attracted scholarly and policy attention. However, there has been little or no study on the perceptions and policy practices of GDM in Ethiopian public higher education institutions (HEIs). Therefore, the purpose of this article…

Although children display strong individual differences in emotion expression, they also engage in emotional synchrony or reciprocity with interaction partners. To understand this paradox between trait-like and dyadic influences, the goal of the current study was to investigate children's emotion expression using a Social Relations Model (SRM)…

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which refer to childhood traumatic events, have been identified as risk factors for tobacco use in adulthood. However, studies are limited on the effect of sex on the association of ACEs with e-cigarettes and dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. This study explored sex differences in the…

Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB) among adults with Down syndrome (DS) may differ based on personal or environmental factors. Objective: Investigate differences in SB levels and patterns of adults with DS based on sex, age, and residence-type across weekdays and weekends. Methods: Thirty-four adults with DS (15 men; 37 ± 12 years) underwent…

An abundance of academic resources exists for supporting college students enrolled in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors. However, the dearth of research on supporting STEM students' mental health is concerning, as STEM students face unique risks for mental health distress and utilize mental health services at lower…

While a large body of evidence suggests that gender inequality in access to primary education has reduced significantly in India, there has been relatively little research on gender gap in learning outcomes, particularly math scores. Using a nationally representative household dataset, this study examines the role of parental resources in…

Sex differences in academic behaviours have long been a concern for adolescent developmental researches. Evidences concerning sex differences in academic seeking help (AHS) behaviours are inconsistent. This paper aims to use meta-analysis to determine whether there is sex difference in AHS behaviours. After extensive retrieval and rigorous…

Dating violence and sexual assault are topics of concern on college campuses and although they are often viewed as separate issues, they are overlapping constructs within the construct of interpersonal violence. Research suggests that people perpetrate dating violence and sexual assault for the same reasons. However, campus programming frequently…

A cross-cultural historical examination of Santa Claus reflects that women have contributed substantially to the legend of Santa Claus, but their contributions are downplayed, demeaned, or reframed to fit a sexist view of women's roles. Santa Claus type figures have emerged around the world as part of celebrations of the winter solstice, but…

Objective: This study aimed to objectively assess signs of hyperactivity in adults suspected of having ADHD, addressing potential sex bias in diagnosis. Methods: About 13,179 (49% female) adults with an average age of 33 years with ADHD and 1,910 (41% female) adults with an average age of 36 years without ADHD were included. Motor activity was…

Speciality choice is an important decision for doctors, often starting during medical school. In Nigeria, where the doctor-to-population ratio is low and worsened by emigration, understanding medical students' speciality preferences can inform strategies to ensure a balanced distribution of specialists. A total of 500 pre-tested semi-structured…

Intellectual functioning impacts defendants' competence to stand trial, though research on this population remains limited. This study replicated and advanced prior work, focusing on defendants' demographic, clinical, cognitive, and criminal justice variables and their association with length of hospitalization and restoration determinations.…

A growing body of literature suggests manipulating some graphing conventions can affect visual analysis and adherence to graphing conventions varies widely in single case design publications. Yet use of graphing conventions by the wider population of behavior analysts is largely unexplored. The current study examined relations among types of…

This Perspective article expands on a working memory-dependent dual-process model, originally proposed by Zheng et al., to elucidate individual differences in the testing effect. This model posits that the testing effect comprises two processes: retrieval-attempt and post-retrieval re-encoding. We substantiate this model with empirical evidence…

This paper shares the results of a meta-analysis on the parental-expectations component of parental involvement and its relationship with the student outcomes of urban students. Special attention is paid to parental expectations, because in many past studies, parental expectations has been the most salient component of parental involvement. This…