In 5 experiments, 10 month olds were habituated to exemplars of a form category and tested for categorization in paired-comparison trials involving in-category versus out-of-category stimuli. Results suggest infants' internal representation for category will not include stimulus dimension not varied in exemplars from which the category was…

Taxonomies are unavoidably infused with recommendations of what ought or ought not to be. Thus, use of descriptive taxonomies may have a normatively conservative effect independent of user intentions. The importance of taxonomies to adult education necessitates a critical understanding of their normative features. (SK)

Proposes a taxonomy of moral values to be used by researchers in developing unbiased instruments for assessing the nature of people's moral reasoning. Discusses six ways of defining "moral" and selects one as a means of illustrating the use of the proposed taxonomy in constructing such an instrument. (KO)

The mechanisms of both language-based and non-language-based learning disabilities are presented within the framework of central nervous system development and the compromises to that development that arise from genetic, hormonal, antibody, medication, and postnatal compromises. Also reviewed is the need for a taxonomy of learning disabilities.…

Investigation into the relative effectiveness of four input strategies for two-year-olds' (N=56) category evolution found that the most effective strategy involved labelling an object and providing both a physical demonstration and a verbal description of important attributes. (Author/CB)

Five experiments involving children of 4-11 years investigated partonomic knowledge and its relation to the use of taxonomic organization. Results suggest that children are sensitive to parts of common objects and appear to be able to use this sensitivity to group objects in abstract, function-based, superordinate categories. (RJC)

Provides a historical review of copymarking, a conceptual description of various types of copymarks, and a taxonomy of copymarks used in electronic conversion systems. Issues raised by the development of document interchange standards and conversion systems are reviewed, and implications for future research on documents and document processing are…

Investigates the knowledge of thematic and taxonomic relations of 15 children of 26 months and 24 children of 34 months. Both age groups were able to identify thematic matches. However, 34-month-olds were able to recognize a wider range of thematic associations than 26-month-olds. (RJC)

Discusses the need to retrieve ideas in addition to content retrieval by such means as classification, subject headings, and keywords. Three models for idea retrieval are described, and a new model is proposed which combines selection, a controlled vocabulary, and logical structure. (seven references) (CLB)

Explains seven types of subject descriptions commonly used in databases--hierarchical classification, category codes, subject headings, descriptors, faceted classification, post-controlled vocabulary, and natural language--and describes specific search techniques for taking advantage of the strengths of particular types of vocabularies. An overall…

Claims that authors of a November 1988 "Kappan" article on special education are conducting a campaign to change special education in their own image. Asserts that special and regular education are interwoven, not separate or segregated, processes and that support teams are designed to help teachers improve student learning and behavior in the…

Review of the 1987 subject access literature covers: (1) general works; (2) organization, history, theory, and method of classification; (3) classification systems; (4) subject headings and the Library of Congress; (5) subject authority control through the Library of Congress Subject Headings; (6) subject searching in online catalogs; and (7)…

Three experiments using the familiarization-novelty preference procedure confirmed the hypothesis that three-month-old infants could form categorical representations of spatial relations above and below. The infants, after being shown a familiarization diagram with a dot appearing in multiple locations below a line, showed a preference for a novel…

Three experiments involving 128 infants studied whether and how novel words influence object categorization in 12- to 13- month-old infants. Data revealed that a linkage between words and object categories emerged early enough to be a guide in infants' efforts to map word meanings. (SLD)

Using the original validation sample for the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery, a discriminant function analysis was performed to determine the best set of weights for the measures in its Impairment Index. Findings suggest that an empirically derived set of weights is probably no more useful than equal weighting commonly used. (SLD)