Research capability is one of the essential capabilities of scholars for effectively conducting their work. Yet current research lacks a structured exploration and measurement scale for Chinese scholars on this matter. In the Chinese research context, this study conducted two questionnaires based on the Research Self-Efficacy Scale (RSES) among…

In the context of globalisation, fostering secondary vocational students with a craftsman spirit is crucial for industrial transformation and addressing contemporary needs. Based on social cognitive career theory, this study explores the mechanism through which professional ability influences craftsman spirit among secondary vocational students as…

Background: Students' identification with engineering is intertwined culturally with being smart. Broadly, engineering students are often considered to be smart by others and by themselves, and these beliefs about smartness--what it is and who has enough of it to be an engineer--are a fundamental and limiting aspect of students' experiences.…

Decision making is a cognitive process that considerably influences nearly every aspect of human life, which shapes outcomes and overall well-being of individuals. This study consisted of two parts, in the first part of which the English version of a 64-item decision-making questionnaire was adapted into Turkish. Responses were collected from 22…

Purpose: There is a growing body of research on developmental language disorder (DLD), but very few studies have focused on the role of cognitive abilities in adulthood. The present study explored the relationship between cognition and language in adults with and without DLD. Method: Sixty participants, 30 language typical (LT) adults and 30 with…

Spatial skills, or spatial ability, is the ability to visualize and mentally manipulate three-dimensional objects, and is essential to the study of anatomy. This study aims to investigate whether spatial skills required to infer cross-sectional images could be improved through anatomy learning, as well as gender differences in spatial skills.…

In 2013, the Next Generation Science Standards tasked science teachers to include more engineering processes in their instruction. Design thinking is one way this has been accomplished over the last decade, but other engineering characteristics might have an influence on how learners thinking through the design process. Using a pretest-posttest,…

Purpose: Deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) experience challenges in early development of hearing and language skills that may place them at risk for externalizing behavior problems, such as aggression, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional behavior. This study is a longitudinal investigation of (a) between-groups differences in…

Despite considerable interest in children's ability to provide temporal information, there remain many unanswered questions about what children can provide and how to elicit this information. In Study 1, children (N = 147, aged 5 to 10 years) participated in an activity session. Either shortly after or 1 day later, children completed an interview…

The English orthography contains many "complex words" in which relationships between orthography, phonology, morphology, and semantics are relatively opaque. Throughout school, children encounter increasingly complex words from which they are expected to make meaning. Students' ability to read these words depends on the skills they bring…

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) has not been studied in people with Intellectual Developmental Disability, a population with a high incidence of dementia. Commonly adopted CR proxies should be adapted to reflect more specifically the experiences of people with Intellectual Developmental Disability. Method: This scoping review intended to…

There is growing consensus that selection history strongly guides spatial attention and is distinct from current goals and physical salience. Here, we focused on target-location probability cueing: when the target is more likely to appear in one region, search performance gradually improves for targets appearing in that region. Probability cueing…

The nine-year compulsory education policy is a priority state policy in China. The transition to online learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic turned out to be especially difficult for elementary school students, primarily in the organizational aspect. The need to ensure quality education and effective learning outcomes regardless of its form…

The present study tested the hypothesis that verbal labels support category induction by providing compact hypotheses. Ninety-seven 4- to 6-year-old children (M = 63.2 months; 46 female, 51 male; 77% White, 8% more than one race, 4% Asian, and 3% Black; tested 2018) and 90 adults (M = 20.1 years; 70 female, 20 male) in the Midwestern United States…

Spatial thinking is ubiquitous in design. Design education across all age groups encompasses a range of spatially challenging activities, such as forming and modifying mental representations of ideas, and visualizing the scenarios of design prototypes being used. While extensive research has examined the cognitive processes of spatial thinking and…