Developmental differences in preschool children's abilities to communicate about basic and subordinate level semantic contrasts were examined in a referential communication situation. Twenty-four three, four, and five-year-old children communicated with children of the same age and adults about pictures' referents. Speakers talked about one…

Challenges to classical psychometric theory are examined in the context of a broader range of fundamental, derived, and intuitive measurements in psychology; the challenges include content-referenced testing, latent trait theory, and generalizability theory. A taxonomy of psychological measurement is developed, based on: (1) purposes of…

Reported is a study of research programs within the University of North Carolina that provided the basic information needed in the preparation of an official policies and procedures statement. Contents include: (1) an inventory of research being conducted; (2) an assessment of various classification schemes for accounting and reporting the…

Grossman's subjective guidelines for identifying different levels of retardation were translated into a scorable functional behavior checklist and administered to 24 institutionalized mentally retarded Ss (age range 17-to-54 years). The guidelines were arranged into the following seven catagories: self-help skills, physical skills, communication,…

Developed on the premise that all types of libraries have a common set of functions, purposes, and resources which outweigh their differences in setting, size, and organizational goals, this preliminary edition is intended to (1) provide an informed basis for library management and planning, (2) facilitate communications among libraries, and (3)…

Primary intended users of this second volume of a two-volume handbook are professional counselors and placement officers involved in expanding the range of jobs available to persons having only basic cognitive skills (e.g., mentally retarded, slow learners, learning disabled). Summary job requirements information is presented for more than 8,000…

The results of a survey of 225 primary school teachers indicate that a high proportion of children in the primary grades are in classrooms that use the basal reader approach. In addition, it is apparent that the vast majority are assigned to either a high, medium, or low group. Once this assignment is made, it becomes difficult for a child to be…

This report discusses the problem of the meansings of words used in information retrieval systems, and shows how semantic tools can aid in the communication which takes place between indexers and searchers via index terms. After treating the differing use of semantic tools in different types of systems, two tools (classification tables and…

In this fourth part of a study of the relevance of existing knowledge about child development to social science curriculum development, some tentative suggestions are made for incorporating some of the fundamental ideas of Piaget into a teaching strategy. The ability of children to deal with classifications on the basis of single discrete…

Psycholinguistic knowledge and techniques can be used as the basis for reading process research with a view to the development of a reading theory. The initial phase of such a study is reported, and reading behavior on a comprehensive basis is examined. The assumption upon which the research is based is that reading miscues are generated by the…

To provide effective instruction, a taxonomic framework is proposed which (1) includes all possible learner outcomes yet is understandable and manageable, (2) provides order to currently existing taxonomies of learner outcomes, and (3) facilitates instructional planning. Domains of organismic adaptation roughly corresponding to (1) the need for…

One phase of the American Industry Project was the development of a pilot program for teacher education. The decision was made to determine what kind of teacher was needed and develop the curriculum to produce this teacher. To make this determination a review of literature and interviews were conducted. Three kinds of criteria were most often used…

This guide was developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a taxonomic reference for the identification of diatoms. The taxonomic information included consists of a generic key to the common genera of diatoms, a section illustrating 164 diatom species representing 43 common genera found at the Water Pollution…

Presented is the compilation of a survey of national bibliographic standardization activities undertaken by the International Federation of Library Associations' Universal Bibliographic Control Office (IFLA UBC). The purpose of the survey was to ascertain and identify the present bibliographic practices in national bibliographies; describe current…

This volume is one of a series intended to provide a comparative view of the education systems of all Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Member countries. It complements an OECD handbook entitled Methods and Statistical Needs for Educational Planning (see ED 023 171). The document is based on the need to establish a…