Throughout a programming course, students develop various source code tasks. Using these tasks to track students' progress can provide clues to the strengths and weaknesses found in each learning topic. This practice allows the teacher to intervene in learning in the first few weeks of class and maximize student gains. However, the biggest…

Human anatomy requires understanding spatial relationships among anatomical structures and is often perceived as difficult to learn by students. To overcome this concern, several digital tools exist with some strengths and limitations among which the lack of interactivity especially for complex functional anatomy learning. In this way, a new…

This quantitative study aimed to research factors that influence third-graders' reading performance on the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness, a standardized test used to measure the proficiency of students in various subjects. The independent variables of this study were student attendance, teacher's professional background, and…

The focus in this article is on the usefulness of spatial sequencing as a tactic for interpreting a map and organizing our memory of it. This skill is useful whenever some condition varies in a systematic way with distance. When students are asked whether they see a pattern on a map of a topic like wildfires or terrorist activity, some students…

Background: People with intellectual disabilities remain disadvantaged in many aspects of everyday life. Capability approach is an underused approach in social care research and has at its core the importance of having capabilities or opportunities to do what we value. We use this approach to explore how people with intellectual disabilities can…

This article evaluates the predictions of an algorithmic-level distributed associative memory model as it introduces, propagates, and resolves ambiguity, and compares it to the predictions of computational-level parallel parsing models in which ambiguous analyses are accounted separately in discrete distributions. By superposing activation…

Intellectual functioning impacts defendants' competence to stand trial, though research on this population remains limited. This study replicated and advanced prior work, focusing on defendants' demographic, clinical, cognitive, and criminal justice variables and their association with length of hospitalization and restoration determinations.…

This Perspective article expands on a working memory-dependent dual-process model, originally proposed by Zheng et al., to elucidate individual differences in the testing effect. This model posits that the testing effect comprises two processes: retrieval-attempt and post-retrieval re-encoding. We substantiate this model with empirical evidence…

The area under the curve is a fundamental concept for students to build their understanding of the Definite Integral. This research reveals how students comprehend the area under the curve in given contextual problems and how the Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) can help students find the concept. This research follows the development…

This article adopts the perspective of Sen's capability approach to examine elite athletes' environment and their capability to plan and prepare a career transition out of sport. Interviews were conducted with 14 elite athletes in Canada and results from the thematic analysis reveal that discrepancies exist in the athletes' environment. Three…

Introduction: This study investigated the possible existence of differences in several domains or traits of the general construct of emotional intelligence between highly able children and their normotypically developing peers. Method: A group of children with high abilities and a group of children with average intellectual development completed…

Background: Little is known about the categorization ability of children with intellectual disabilities (ID) in China, which is critical in guiding teaching practice and learning support strategies for those students. The study has aimed to explore the characteristics of categorization ability of children with ID. Method: This study used an…

Perspective taking and cognitive flexibility are important abilities for navigating our everyday lives. In this longitudinal study with 108 children (61 girls, mostly White), we investigated the developmental relation between Level 1 perspective taking at 27 months of age and Level 2 perspective taking at 52 months of age as well as relations to…

Although traditional analytical techniques can characterize learners' internal cognitive abilities laterally and indirectly, it is difficult to present learners' learning development characteristics and changes comprehensively and dynamically. Epistemic network analysis, on the other hand, is an emerging educational research method that integrates…

Measurement is significant in geospatial thinking research. This study evaluated the geospatial thinking of pre-service geography teachers through an orienteering design tasks and subjective evaluation methods. Moreover, it analyzed their level of geospatial thinking, difficulty of evaluation indicators and rater severity with the Many-Faceted…