Historical essays examine the characteristics of the education professoriate and its quest for a science of education. The first paper shows how the expansion of public schooling in the early nineteenth century prompted school personnel to look for a science of education in order to improve their practice and schools, and to gain recognition for…

The manual provides vocational and technical teachers with a review of the principles of learning which have application to their subject fields. Organized into three sections, the booklet offers: (1) a selected review of the literature related to how learning theory is applied to instruction; (2) principles of learning that have been identified…

The principles and philosophy of vocational education are presented in this document in programed instruction form for use by potential vocational education teachers in teacher preparation courses in colleges or universities. Orientation and basic terminology is included under headings of: (1) The Place of Vocational Education, (2) Vocational…

The ultimate effectiveness of career education curricula can be determined only when the children who have been influenced by them become young adults. However, decisions must be made now about which career education paradigms should be translated into curriculum materials, and which materials already developed should be further refined,…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) which discusses an overall educational policy for Mexico based on Constitutional principles and those of humanism. The basic principles that should guide Mexican education as seen by the National Technical Council for Education are the following: (1) love of country; (2)…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of a publication concerned with the recent developments in agricultural education resulting from the application of socialist principles in the UAR. The preface discusses the present conditions of vocational education and the essential role it can play in the development of…

The "Marshmallow Principle" introduced in this paper is stated as follows: "External pressure exerted on an organization to change its basic structure will, for as long as that pressure is applied, cause the organization's structure to bend and assume a new shape. Once the pressure is removed, the organization will reassume its original shape.…

Suggests that the Japanese educational system's lack of concern about vocationalism is related to low unemployment, lifetime employment patterns, and popular perceptions that the system produces literate students and rewards traditional Japanese values. Outlines academic and vocational elements in the formal education system. Includes 40…

Argues that developments in educational research and teacher education, which have yielded many new ideas and procedures, have also yielded a confusing proliferation of educational ideologies. Questions whether the educational enterprise should be autonomous or subservient to prevailing ideology. Examines contemporary European philosophy on the…

Examines the relationship of Anton Makarenko's educational theories to Russian history, tradition, and culture. Analyzes the influence of Russian and foreign prerevolutionary thinking on Makarenko's major theories. Discusses his major educational concepts (i.e., discipline, education through work, collectives, and the teacher's role) and views of…

Forty teachers were surveyed in order to determine their level of support for the official curriculum of Sweden, Laroplan 69. Laroplan 69 puts the student at the center of schooling and promotes an egalitarian view of social relationships. Teachers who favored the official curriculum shared socialist beliefs; those who were least sympathetic held…

This paper defends Gulick's and Urwick's "classical" principles of organization against March and Simon's influential attack 20 years ago. Citing the Doyle/Newbould case for marketing, the author contends that the significance of "myth" and "ritual" in ordering experience and action in educational organizations should be fully explored. (TE)

Maintains that decisions regarding evaluation should be made in relationship to learning principles based on a developmental perspective. Using these principles as a basis, teachers are better able to select appropriate formal and informal evaluation procedures. Each procedure is defined and its limitations are discussed in terms of effectiveness.…

Compares and contrasts the descriptions of American schools and recommendations for school reform in major reports of the 1970s and 1980s and discusses a number of educational issues, including curriculum, teachers and teaching, school administration, academic standards, school climate and environment, and education in and out of school. (JBM)

The first section of this paper on the school library and the learner discusses policies and the school library. Recommendations are offered related to hours, creating an inviting atmosphere, convenience, collection, computer services, reading material selection, storytelling, and reading aloud. The second section addresses principles of learning…