The objective of the study was to develop a test of concept formation which would: (1) not be biased by reading difficulty; (2) be sufficiently stimulating to capture the attention of the students; (3) incorporate both aspects of concept formation of discriminative response and conservation; (4) have a spread of item difficulty appropriate for…

A decision model designed to determine the reliability and validity of criterion referenced measures (CRMs) is presented. General procedures which pertain to the model are discussed as to: Measures of relationship, Reliability, Validity (content, criterion-oriented, and construct validation), and Item Analysis. The decision model is presented in…

The development of environmental process measures marks a significant step forward in the assessment of environment quality. As Bloom (1964) predicted, these measures have made it possible to more clearly delineate the relationship between environment and development. Although factorial structure of many process instruments is open to question,…

Pennsylvania's Educational Quality Assessment Program provides each participating school with a building level report in which state percentiles are a prominent part. Multiple matrix sampling was being considered as a technique to reduce testing time. However, there was great concern that the error associated with estimating the school mean might…

This paper discusses the ethical and practical issues involved in the development and implementation of a preschool screening battery. A screening program is described and the resulting data presented in an attempt to illustrate the investment in time, money, and energy required. The ethical questions that arise because of the lack of…

Cognitive style research is hindered by a variety of poorly described measures and style classifications and the use of small samples. This study describes and compares three measures of three postulated dimensions of cognitive style: impulsivity/reflectivity; internal/external locus of control; and field dependence/field independence to determine…

The Women's Liberation Scale (WLS) is a 14-item, Likert-type scale designed to measure attitudes toward positions advocated by women's groups. The WLS and its four-alternative response schema is presented, along with descriptive statistics of scores based on male and female college samples. Reliability and validity measures are reported, and the…

Using the Kuder E General Interest Survey plus the Verification (V) scale as an index of reliability, the Choctaw Career Education Program (Mississippi) found that the results were increasingly unreliable with each decending grade level (7-12). (JC)

To shed as much light on the declining test score phenomenon as possible, pertinent American College Testing data are presented here in a succinct question and answer format. (JY)

Reliability and validity data are presented for three orthogonal measures of temperament: trait-pleasure, trait-arousal, and trait-dominance. Reliability coefficients for the three scales were .91, .60, and .84, respectively. Intercorrelations among the three scales were insignificant and low. (Author/JKS)

Test-retest correlations were determined on all scales of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory for 208 high school seniors. The interval between testings was three months. Correlations are reported separately for males, females, and for the combined group. (Author)

A least-squares solution for the method of paired comparisons is given. The approach provokes a theorem regarding the amount of data necessary and sufficient for a solution to be obtained. A measure of the internal consistency of the least-squares fit is developed. (Author/CTM)

Reliability and validity data are reported for a 38-item questionnaire measure of individual differences in achieving tendency, which is an expanded and improved version of Mehrabian's scales. (Author/JKS)

The reliabilities of various observational measures were determined, and the influence of both the number and the length of the observation periods on reliability was examined, both separately and jointly. A single simplifying assumption leads to a variant of the Spearman-Brown formula, which may have wider application. (Author/CTM)

The Kinesthetic Aftereffect (KAE) has been criticized as a personality measure because of its poor retest reliability and questionable validity. However, KAE's lower reliabilty can be explained by systematic bias effects occuring in pretesting. When the validity evidence is reevaluated in this light, "questionable" validity disappears.…