The current analysis investigates genetic and environmental influences on the bidirectional relationships between temperament and general cognitive ability (GCA). Measures of GCA and three temperament factors (persistence, approach, and reactivity) were collected from 486 children ages 4-9 years (80% white, 50% female) from the Louisville Twin…

Increasing attention is being given to traditional culture-orientated product design. While Chinese design students lack a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture and its applications, little in-depth research has investigated this issue. Thus, how educators should guide and improve their students' cultural design in the context of…

Visuospatial representations of numbers and their relationships are widely used in mathematics education. These include drawn images, models constructed with concrete manipulatives, enactive/embodied forms, computer graphics, and more. This paper addresses the analytical limitations and ethical implications of methodologies that use broad…

Visuo-spatial reasoning tests, such as Raven's matrices, Cattell's culture-fair test, or various subtests of the Wechsler scales, are frequently used to estimate intelligence scores in the context of inter-racial comparisons. This has led to several high-profile works claiming that certain ethnic groups have lower intelligence than others,…

We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N = 48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When…

The main aim of this study was to (a) test the construct validity of complex problem solving (CPS); (b) examine the ability to acquire knowledge as a mediator of the relationship between intelligence and CPS performance; and (c) investigate the personal need for structure as a moderator of the relationship between intelligence and knowledge…

Assistive technologies can in many ways facilitate the normal day-to-day lives of the disabled. As part of the ongoing research on assistive technologies at UTAS, Oman, that deals with augmenting and finding multimodal aspects of applications for the disabled, this paper aspires to investigate the role of deep learning in the field of image…

As learners engage, test, and apply new subject knowledge, they often expend their cognitive capacity on the technological tools designed to capture their learning progress and outcomes. The energy and attention spent on these tools reduces their capacity to engage deeply with new learning concepts. Digital literacy skills require both cognitive…

This study investigated to what extent people can develop global spatial representations of a multiroom environment through one-shot physical walking between rooms. In Experiment 1, the participants learned objects' locations in one room of an immersive virtual environment. They were blindfolded and led to walk to a testing position either within…

Finding interventions which can address the decline of cognitive function as people get older is of great importance to policy-makers, especially in post-industrial societies with rapidly ageing populations. We examine the impact of several different types of mentally stimulating activities on cognitive function in a sample of community-dwelling…

Differentiation in education can be seen as a means of responding to student diversity in order to meet the vision of "a school for all." Differentiation has been widely addressed within a western context, and it appears to be a versatile phenomenon as it occurs under various guises and with a variety of terms and modes of…

This study sought to examine the effects of substance use and stress-induced cognitive impairment on anxiety and depression among college students. The data for this study came from a sample of 328 undergraduate students from a public university. The subjects in this study completed a 101-item self-administered questionnaire, which was part of a…

A model of cognition and a construct, such as a concept map (Wilson, 2009), is critical in designing assessments of that construct. The Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSAs) in the construct must be put to use in order to assess what test takers know and can do (National Research Council, 2001). In order to validate a construct map for graphic…

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Augmented Reality (AR) intervention on students' spatial skills and academic achievement. The study was conducted in a freshman technical drawing course at Mechanical Engineering Department. An exploratory quasi-experimental method was used for the study. The study was conducted in two…

Prior research has shown that various types of conventional multiword chunks are processed faster than matched novel strings, but it is unclear whether this processing advantage extends to variant multiword chunks that are less formulaic. To determine whether the processing advantage of multiword chunks accommodates variations in the canonical…